Cook M R, Gerkovich M M, Hoffman S J, McClernon F J, Cohen H D, Oakleaf K L, O'Connell K A
Midwest Research Institute, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA.
Int J Psychophysiol. 1995 Apr;19(3):247-56. doi: 10.1016/0167-8760(95)00016-l.
Reversal theory, a general theory of motivation, emotion and action, has recently been shown to predict lapses in smoking cessation. Individuals are less likely to lapse if they are in the telic (serious-minded, arousal avoidant, goal-oriented) state than when they are in the paratelic (playful, arousal seeking, spontaneous) state. The literature indicates that people can smoke in such a way as to either increase or decrease central nervous system arousal; smoking in the telic and paratelic states might therefore differentially affect the resting electroencephalograph, as quantified by Fast Fourier Transform analysis. The basic hypothesis was supported. Theta power was decreased when subjects in the telic state smoked, while beta 2 power was increased when subjects in the paratelic state smoked; the latter finding was, however, true only for men. The results have important implications for research on changing health behaviors and for smoking cessation programs.
逆转理论是一种关于动机、情感和行动的通用理论，最近已被证明可以预测戒烟过程中的复吸情况。处于目的状态（严肃认真、避免兴奋、目标导向）的个体比处于副目的状态（好玩、寻求兴奋、自发）的个体更不容易复吸。文献表明，人们吸烟的方式可以增加或减少中枢神经系统的兴奋；因此，目的状态和副目的状态下的吸烟可能会对静息脑电图产生不同的影响，这通过快速傅里叶变换分析来量化。基本假设得到了支持。处于目的状态的受试者吸烟时，θ波功率降低，而处于副目的状态的受试者吸烟时，β2波功率增加；然而，后一个发现仅适用于男性。这些结果对改变健康行为的研究和戒烟计划具有重要意义。
