Danish Institute for Medical Simulation, Herlev Hospital, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark.
Resuscitation. 2010 Jun;81(6):695-702. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2010.01.024. Epub 2010 Mar 20.
The application of non-technical skills (NTSs) in health care has previously been described in other health-care educational programmes. NTSs are behavioural principles such as leadership, task distribution and communication. The aim of this study was to identify NTSs suitable for improving team performance in multi-professional cardiac arrest teams, and to describe barriers to the use and implementation of such NTSs by using a qualitative method.
Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 Danish Advanced Life Support instructors during the period April 2006 to November 2006. Interviews were focussed on barriers and recommendations for teamwork in the cardiac arrest team, optimal policy for improvement of resuscitation training and clinical practice, use of cognitive aids and adoption of European Resuscitation Council (ERC) Guidelines 2005. Interviews and data analysis were supported by a template describing 25 NTSs derived from other educational programmes in health care.
A framework with five categories relating to NTSs was identified: leadership, communication, mutual performance monitoring, maintenance of standards and guidelines and task management. Important barriers that were identified were inexperienced team leaders, task overload and hierarchic structure in the teams' inability to maintain focus on chest compressions.
Interview participants pointed out that NTSs of teams could improve the treatment of cardiac arrest, but several barriers to this exist. Improving resuscitation training should include considerations regarding team leader experience, structured communication, mandatory use of cognitive aids, avoidance of task overload and mutual performance monitoring to avoid unnecessary interruptions in chest compressions.
非技术技能（NTS）在医疗保健中的应用以前在其他医疗保健教育项目中已有描述。NTS 是行为原则，如领导力、任务分配和沟通。本研究的目的是确定适合提高多专业心脏骤停团队团队绩效的 NTS，并使用定性方法描述使用和实施此类 NTS 的障碍。
在 2006 年 4 月至 2006 年 11 月期间，对 11 名丹麦高级生命支持讲师进行了个人半结构化访谈。访谈重点关注心脏骤停团队中的团队合作障碍和建议、改善复苏培训和临床实践的最佳政策、认知辅助工具的使用以及采用欧洲复苏委员会 (ERC) 2005 年指南。访谈和数据分析得到了一个模板的支持，该模板描述了 25 种源自医疗保健其他教育项目的 NTS。
确定了与 NTS 相关的五个类别的框架：领导力、沟通、相互绩效监测、标准和指南的维护以及任务管理。确定的重要障碍包括经验不足的团队领导、任务过载以及团队中层次结构的无法专注于胸外按压。
访谈参与者指出，团队的 NTS 可以改善心脏骤停的治疗，但存在一些障碍。改善复苏培训应考虑团队领导经验、结构化沟通、强制性使用认知辅助工具、避免任务过载和相互绩效监测，以避免不必要的胸外按压中断。
