Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Turner Street, London, UK.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 2010 Jul;142(3):481-90. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.21258.
The aim of this study was to develop a comprehensive evidence-based atlas to estimate age using both tooth development and alveolar eruption for human individuals between 28 weeks in utero and 23 years. This was a cross-sectional, retrospective study of archived material with the sample aged 2 years and older having a uniform age and sex distribution. Developing teeth from 72 prenatal and 104 postnatal skeletal remains of known age-at-death were examined from collections held at the Royal College of Surgeons of England and the Natural History Museum, London, UK (M 91, F 72, unknown sex 13). Data were also collected from dental radiographs of living individuals (M 264, F 264). Median stage for tooth development and eruption for all age categories was used to construct the atlas. Tooth development was determined according to Moorrees et al. (J Dent Res 42 (1963a) 490-502; Am J Phys Anthropol 21 (1963b) 205-213) and eruption was assessed relative to the alveolar bone level. Intraexaminer reproducibility calculated using Kappa on 150 teeth was 0.90 for 15 skeletal remains of age <2 years, and 0.81 from 605 teeth (50 radiographs). Age categories were monthly in the last trimester, 2 weeks perinatally, 3-month intervals during the first year, and at every year thereafter. Results show that tooth formation is least variable in infancy and most variable after the age of 16 years for the development of the third molar.
本研究旨在开发一个全面的基于证据的图谱，用于估计从 28 周宫内到 23 岁的人类个体的年龄，使用牙齿发育和牙槽突萌出两个指标。这是一项横断面、回顾性研究，使用存档材料，样本年龄在 2 岁及以上，具有均匀的年龄和性别分布。从英国皇家外科医学院和伦敦自然历史博物馆收藏的 72 例产前和 104 例已知死亡年龄的骨骼遗骸中检查了发育中的牙齿（M 91，F 72，未知性别 13）。还从生活个体的牙 X 光片中收集了数据（M 264，F 264）。所有年龄组的牙齿发育和萌出的中位数阶段用于构建图谱。牙齿发育根据 Moorrees 等人确定（J Dent Res 42（1963a）490-502；Am J Phys Anthropol 21（1963b）205-213），萌出相对于牙槽骨水平进行评估。在 150 颗牙齿上使用 Kappa 计算的内部观察者重复性在年龄<2 岁的 15 具骨骼遗骸中为 0.90，在 605 颗牙齿（50 张 X 光片）中为 0.81。年龄类别在最后一个三个月为每月一次，围产期为每两周一次，第一年每三个月一次，之后每年一次。结果表明，在婴儿期牙齿形成的变异性最小，在 16 岁以后第三磨牙的发育变异性最大。
