Institute of Animal Sciences, ARO, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel.
Anim Genet. 2010 Oct;41(5):551-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2010.02035.x.
Incorrect paternity assignment in cattle can have a major effect on rates of genetic gain. Of the 576 Israeli Holstein bulls genotyped by the BovineSNP50 BeadChip, there were 204 bulls for which the father was also genotyped. The results of 38 828 valid single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used to validate paternity, determine the genotyping error rates and determine criteria enabling deletion of defective SNPs from further analysis. Based on the criterion of >2% conflicts between the genotype of the putative sire and son, paternity was rejected for seven bulls (3.5%). The remaining bulls had fewer conflicts by one or two orders of magnitude. Excluding these seven bulls, all other discrepancies between sire and son genotypes are assumed to be caused by genotyping mistakes. The frequency of discrepancies was >0.07 for nine SNPs, and >0.025 for 81 SNPs. The overall frequency of discrepancies was reduced from 0.00017 to 0.00010 after deletion of these 81 SNPs, and the total expected fraction of genotyping errors was estimated to be 0.05%. Paternity of bulls that are genotyped for genomic selection may be verified or traced against candidate sires at virtually no additional cost.
在牛中不正确的亲子关系鉴定会对遗传增益的速度产生重大影响。在通过 BovineSNP50 BeadChip 进行基因分型的 576 头以色列荷斯坦公牛中，有 204 头公牛的父亲也进行了基因分型。使用 38828 个有效的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）的结果来验证亲子关系，确定基因分型错误率，并确定从进一步分析中删除有缺陷 SNP 的标准。基于假定父本和儿子基因型之间 >2%的冲突标准，有 7 头公牛（3.5%）的亲子关系被拒绝。其余公牛的冲突数量减少了一个或两个数量级。排除这 7 头公牛后，假定父亲和儿子基因型之间的所有其他差异都归因于基因分型错误。9 个 SNP 的差异频率>0.07，81 个 SNP 的差异频率>0.025。在删除这 81 个 SNP 后，差异的总频率从 0.00017 降低到 0.00010，估计总基因分型错误率为 0.05%。对于进行基因组选择基因分型的公牛，可以在几乎不增加成本的情况下，根据候选父本对其亲子关系进行验证或追溯。
