Witt Petra M, Christensen Jeppe H, Ewertz Marianne, Aardestrup Inge V, Schmidt Erik B
Department of Oncology, Aalborg Hospital, Aarhus University Hospital, Hobrovej 18-22, Aalborg, Denmark.
Br J Nutr. 2010 Aug;104(3):318-25. doi: 10.1017/S0007114510000371. Epub 2010 Mar 25.
The primary aim of the trial was to investigate the influence of menopause on the incorporation of marine n-3 PUFA into platelets and adipose tissue. A secondary aim was to evaluate whether marine n-3 PUFA may change levels of circulating oestrogens in women. Ninety-two pre- and postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to consume 2.2 g of marine n-3 PUFA or control oil daily for 12 weeks. Adipose tissue biopsies and blood samples were collected at baseline and after intervention. Eighty-nine women completed the study. Baseline contents of total marine n-3 PUFA and each of the major long-chained n-3 PUFA, EPA, docosapentaenoic acid and DHA were all significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the premenopausal group both in platelets and adipose tissue, except for EPA in platelets (P = 0.05). After supplementation with fish oil, the content of all marine n-3 PUFA increased significantly in platelets and adipose tissue in both pre- and postmenopausal women. The increase in platelets and adipose tissue was, however, the same in both groups. There was no effect of fish oil on oestrogen levels in postmenopausal women. We found a significant difference in premenopausal women, in whom oestradiol (P < 0.04) and oestrone (P < 0.02) serum concentrations increased after the fish oil supplement. This trial did not reveal any difference in the ability of pre- and postmenopausal women to incorporate marine n-3 PUFA into platelets or adipose tissue. However, supplementation with fish oil increased oestrogen levels in premenopausal women.
该试验的主要目的是研究更年期对海洋n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）掺入血小板和脂肪组织的影响。次要目的是评估海洋n-3 PUFA是否可能改变女性循环雌激素水平。92名绝经前和绝经后女性被随机分配，每天摄入2.2克海洋n-3 PUFA或对照油，持续12周。在基线和干预后采集脂肪组织活检样本和血液样本。89名女性完成了研究。绝经前组血小板和脂肪组织中总海洋n-3 PUFA以及各主要长链n-3 PUFA（二十碳五烯酸（EPA）、二十二碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA））的基线含量均显著较低（P < 0.05），血小板中的EPA除外（P = 0.05）。补充鱼油后，绝经前和绝经后女性血小板和脂肪组织中所有海洋n-3 PUFA的含量均显著增加。然而，两组血小板和脂肪组织中的增加量相同。鱼油对绝经后女性的雌激素水平没有影响。我们发现绝经前女性存在显著差异，补充鱼油后其血清雌二醇（P < 0.04）和雌酮（P < 0.02）浓度升高。该试验未揭示绝经前和绝经后女性在将海洋n-3 PUFA掺入血小板或脂肪组织的能力上有任何差异。然而，补充鱼油会使绝经前女性的雌激素水平升高。
