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在墨西哥下加利福尼亚州蒂华纳综合医院通过快速艾滋病毒检测诊断出的一组孕妇中，母婴艾滋病毒传播情况。

Mother-to-child HIV transmission in a cohort of pregnant women diagnosed by rapid HIV testing at Tijuana General Hospital, Baja California, Mexico.

作者信息

Viani Rolando M, Ruiz-Calderon Jorge, Lopez Graciano, Chacón-Cruz Enrique, Spector Stephen A

机构信息

Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA.

出版信息

J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care (Chic). 2010 Mar-Apr;9(2):82-6. doi: 10.1177/1545109710363920. Epub 2010 Mar 24.

DOI:10.1177/1545109710363920

PMID:20335496

Abstract

This study evaluated an obstetrical program using rapid HIV testing for the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (MTCT) in Baja California, Mexico. Between 2003 and 2005, 45 women in labor and 17 prenatal care women were HIV infected. Among labor patients, 14 (31%) delivered by cesarean section compared with 17 (100%) prenatal care patients (P < .001). Intravenous maternal zidovudine (ZDV) and infant oral ZDV were more frequently administered in prenatal care compared to labor patients: 94% versus 33% (P < .001) and 100% versus 79% (P < .001), respectively. All prenatal care women received combination therapy. All 10 HIV-infected infants were in the labor group, resulting in a MTCT rate of 23% (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.5-34.8) compared to 0% (95% CI 0-1.8; P < .001) among the prenatal care group. Five (50%) of the HIV-infected infants had an AIDS diagnosis and 2 (20%) died within 18 months of birth. Women diagnosed during labor had a high HIV MTCT and poor postnatal outcome.

摘要

本研究评估了墨西哥下加利福尼亚州一项采用快速艾滋病毒检测预防母婴艾滋病毒传播（MTCT）的产科项目。2003年至2005年期间，45名分娩期妇女和17名产前护理妇女感染了艾滋病毒。在分娩期患者中，14名（31%）通过剖宫产分娩，而产前护理患者中有17名（100%）通过剖宫产分娩（P < 0.001）。与分娩期患者相比，产前护理中静脉注射母体齐多夫定（ZDV）和婴儿口服ZDV的给药频率更高：分别为94%对33%（P < 0.001）和100%对79%（P < 0.001）。所有产前护理妇女均接受联合治疗。所有10名感染艾滋病毒的婴儿都在分娩组，母婴传播率为23%（95%置信区间[CI]9.5 - 34.8），而产前护理组为0%（95%CI 0 - 1.8；P < 0.001）。5名（50%）感染艾滋病毒的婴儿被诊断患有艾滋病，2名（20%）在出生后18个月内死亡。分娩期确诊的妇女艾滋病毒母婴传播率高，产后结局差。