Cantwell Z M
Department of Educational Psychology, City University of New York.
J Psychol. 1991 Jan;125(1):101-8. doi: 10.1080/00223980.1991.10543275.
Mean performances of 81 prospective counselors on each of the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS; Edwards, 1959) needs were analyzed and statistically compared with performances of elementary school counselors, other school counselors, urban college students, professional women, Roman Catholic sisters, and the 1959 EPPS norm samples. Performances of the men and women in the prospective counselor group were similar. Men had a significantly higher need for achievement and dominance, but the significance did not reach .01. Two EPPS needs, intraception and nurturance, consistently differentiated the prospective counselor group. Comparisons across samples indicated that prospective counselors were most similar to the two counseling samples and, for the female subgroup of prospective counselors, to the sample of professional women. Largest across-sample differences were found between the female prospective counselors and the Roman Catholic sisters, between the female prospective counselors and norm samples of female college students and female adults, and between the male prospective counselors and the male adult norm sample.
对81名未来咨询师在爱德华个人偏好量表（EPPS；爱德华兹，1959年）各项需求上的平均表现进行了分析，并与小学咨询师、其他学校咨询师、城市大学生、职业女性、罗马天主教修女以及1959年EPPS常模样本的表现进行了统计比较。未来咨询师组中男性和女性的表现相似。男性在成就和支配方面的需求显著更高，但显著性未达到0.01。EPPS的两项需求，内省和养育，始终能区分出未来咨询师组。跨样本比较表明，未来咨询师与两个咨询样本最为相似，对于未来咨询师中的女性亚组而言，与职业女性样本最为相似。在女性未来咨询师与罗马天主教修女之间、女性未来咨询师与女大学生和成年女性常模样本之间，以及男性未来咨询师与成年男性常模样本之间，发现了最大的跨样本差异。
