Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, and; 5Institute for Human Nutrition, University of Limpopo, Medunsa Campus, Pretoria 0204, South Africa.
J Nutr. 2010 May;140(5):969-74. doi: 10.3945/jn.109.110312. Epub 2010 Mar 24.
The duration of pneumonia and of diarrhea is reported to be longer in HIV-infected than in uninfected children. We assessed the effect of a multi-micronutrient supplement on the duration of hospitalization in HIV-infected children. In a double-blind, randomized trial, HIV-infected children (4-24 mo) who were hospitalized with diarrhea or pneumonia were enrolled (n = 118) and given a daily dose of a multi-micronutrient supplement (containing vitamins A, B complex, C, D, E, and folic acid, as well as copper, iron, and zinc at levels based on recommended daily allowances) or a placebo until discharge from the hospital. Children's weights and heights were measured after enrollment and micronutrient concentrations were measured before discharge. On recovery from diarrhea or pneumonia, the children were discharged and the duration of hospitalization was noted. Anthropometric indices and micronutrient concentrations did not differ between children who received supplements and those who received placebos. Overall, the duration of hospitalization was shorter (P < 0.05) among children who were receiving supplements (7.3 +/- 3.9 d) (mean +/- SD) than in children who were receiving placebos (9.0 +/- 4.9); this was independent of admission diagnosis. In children admitted with diarrhea, the duration of hospitalization was 1.6 d (19%) shorter among children receiving supplements than in those receiving placebos, and hospitalization for pneumonia was 1.9 d (20%) shorter among children receiving supplements. Short-term multi-micronutrient supplementation significantly reduced the duration of pneumonia or diarrhea in HIV-infected children who were not yet receiving antiretroviral therapy and who remained alive during hospitalization.
据报道，与未感染 HIV 的儿童相比，HIV 感染儿童的肺炎和腹泻持续时间更长。我们评估了多种微量营养素补充剂对 HIV 感染儿童住院时间的影响。在一项双盲、随机试验中，我们招募了因腹泻或肺炎住院的 HIV 感染儿童（4-24 个月）（n=118），并给他们每日服用一种多种微量营养素补充剂（含有维生素 A、B 复合物、C、D、E 和叶酸，以及铜、铁和锌，其水平基于推荐的每日允许摄入量）或安慰剂，直到他们从医院出院。在入组后测量儿童的体重和身高，并在出院前测量微量营养素浓度。在腹泻或肺炎痊愈后，儿童出院并记录住院时间。接受补充剂和安慰剂的儿童的人体测量指标和微量营养素浓度没有差异。总体而言，接受补充剂的儿童的住院时间较短（P<0.05）（7.3±3.9 天）（均值±标准差），而接受安慰剂的儿童为 9.0±4.9 天；这与入院诊断无关。在因腹泻入院的儿童中，接受补充剂的儿童住院时间比接受安慰剂的儿童缩短了 1.6 天（19%），而接受补充剂的儿童肺炎住院时间缩短了 1.9 天（20%）。短期多种微量营养素补充显著缩短了未接受抗逆转录病毒治疗且在住院期间存活的 HIV 感染儿童的肺炎或腹泻持续时间。
