T1R和T2R受体：肠促胰岛素激素的调节及2型糖尿病的潜在治疗靶点
T1R and T2R receptors: the modulation of incretin hormones and potential targets for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
作者信息
Dotson Cedrick D, Vigues Stephan, Steinle Nanette I, Munger Steven D
机构信息
University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2010 Apr;11(4):447-54.
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is characterized by insulin and glucose dysregulation, is a major contributor to the development of cardiovascular disease, renal failure and premature death. Incretin hormones are released from the intestines upon nutrient ingestion and contribute to glucose homeostasis in part by promoting insulin secretion from the pancreas. Drugs that enhance the incretin response have emerged as effective treatments for T2DM. Several recent studies have revealed that incretin secretion from enteroendocrine cells in the intestines can be modulated by T1R and T2R receptors, proteins that have been demonstrated to function as taste receptors. This review focuses on the intriguing finding that taste receptors may be involved in modulating the incretin response, and considers T1Rs and T2Rs as potential targets for new hypoglycemic drugs.
摘要
2型糖尿病（T2DM）以胰岛素和葡萄糖调节异常为特征，是心血管疾病、肾衰竭和过早死亡发生的主要促成因素。肠促胰岛素激素在摄入营养物质后从肠道释放，并部分通过促进胰腺分泌胰岛素来维持葡萄糖稳态。增强肠促胰岛素反应的药物已成为治疗T2DM的有效方法。最近的几项研究表明，肠道内分泌细胞的肠促胰岛素分泌可由T1R和T2R受体调节，这些蛋白质已被证明具有味觉受体的功能。本综述重点关注味觉受体可能参与调节肠促胰岛素反应这一有趣发现，并将T1R和T2R视为新型降糖药物的潜在靶点。
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