Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
Q Rev Biol. 2010 Mar;85(1):3-25. doi: 10.1086/650265.
The positive relationship between a species' geographic distribution and its abundance is one of ecology's most well-documented patterns, yet the causes behind this relationship remain unclear. Although many hypotheses have been proposed to account for distribution-abundance relationships none have attained unequivocal support. Accordingly, the positive association in distribution-abundance relationships is generally considered to be due to a combination of these proposed mechanisms acting in concert. In this review, we suggest that much of the disparity between these hypotheses stems from differences in terminology and ecological point of view. Realizing and accounting for these differences facilitates integration, so that the relative contributions of each mechanism may be evaluated. Here, we review all the mechanisms that have been proposed to account for distribution-abundance relationships, in a framework that facilitates a comparison between them. We identify and discuss the central factors governing the individual mechanisms, and elucidate their effect on empirical patterns.
物种的地理分布与其丰度之间存在正相关关系，这是生态学中最有充分依据的模式之一，但这种关系背后的原因仍不清楚。尽管已经提出了许多假设来解释分布-丰度关系，但没有一个假设得到了明确的支持。因此，分布-丰度关系中的正相关通常被认为是由于这些提议的机制协同作用的结果。在这篇综述中，我们认为这些假设之间的差异很大程度上源于术语和生态观点的差异。认识到并考虑到这些差异有助于整合，从而可以评估每个机制的相对贡献。在这里，我们在一个便于比较的框架中回顾了所有被提出用于解释分布-丰度关系的机制。我们确定并讨论了控制单个机制的核心因素，并阐明了它们对经验模式的影响。
