Harran University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical History and Ethics, Dekanlik Binasi, Yenisehir Kampusu 63200 Sanliurfa, Turkey.
J Med Ethics. 2010 Apr;36(4):226-9. doi: 10.1136/jme.2009.034389.
John Harris is one of the prominent philosophers and bioethicists of our time. He has published tens of books and hundreds of papers throughout his professional life. This paper aims to take a 'deep-look' at Harris' works to argue that it is possible to find some principles of Islamic ethics in Harrisian philosophy, namely in his major works, as well as in his personal life. This may be surprising, or thought of as a 'big' and 'groundless' claim, since John Harris has nothing to do with any religion in his intellectual works. The major features of Harrisian philosophy could be defined as consequentialism or utilitarianism with liberal overtones. Despite some significant and fundamental differences in the application of principles (ie, abortion, euthanasia), the similarities between the major principles in Harrisian philosophy and Islamic ethics are greater at some points than the similarities between Islamic ethics and some other religious ethics (ie, Christian, Judaism). In this study I compare Harrisian teachings with major Islamic principles on 'Responsibility', 'Side-effects and Double-effects', 'Equality', 'Vicious choice, guilt and innocence', 'Organ transplantation and property rights' and 'Advance directives'.
约翰·哈里斯是当代杰出的哲学家和生命伦理学家之一。他在职业生涯中出版了数十部著作和数百篇论文。本文旨在深入探讨哈里斯的作品,以论证在哈里斯的哲学中可以找到一些伊斯兰伦理原则,即他的主要著作以及他的个人生活中。这可能令人惊讶,或者被认为是一个“大胆”和“毫无根据”的说法,因为在他的知识作品中,约翰·哈里斯与任何宗教都没有关系。哈里斯哲学的主要特征可以定义为后果主义或功利主义,带有自由派色彩。尽管在原则的应用上存在一些重大而根本的差异(例如,堕胎、安乐死),但哈里斯哲学中的主要原则与伊斯兰伦理之间的相似之处在某些方面比伊斯兰伦理与其他一些宗教伦理(例如基督教、犹太教)之间的相似之处更大。在这项研究中,我将哈里斯的教义与伊斯兰的主要原则进行了比较,包括“责任”、“副作用和双重效应”、“平等”、“恶性选择、有罪和无罪”、“器官移植和财产权”以及“预先指示”。