Semmelweis University, Conservative Dentistry, Szentkirályi 47, Budapest, 1088, Hungary.
Br Dent J. 2010 Mar 27;208(6):E12. doi: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2010.290.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dental caries in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM).
A clinical examination was carried out on 259 adolescents with type 1 DM as compared with 259 age- and sex-matched metabolically healthy controls. The DM cases were characterised by postprandial blood glucose and HBA1c levels, duration of the diseases, age at onset and level of control. Dental caries was assessed using the DMFT index. Data were analysed by Shapiro-Wilk's W, ANOVA, Student's t and Tukey's posthoc test.
An intact dentition was found in none of the DM patients. DM adolescents had a higher mean DMFT score (p <0.001), fewer decayed (p <0.0001), and more filled (p <0.001) teeth than in the controls. In the well-controlled DM adolescents, the mean number of decayed (D) teeth was lower (p <0.0001) and the number of filled(F) teeth was higher than in patients with poorer glycaemic control. Early onset of DM was related to fewer decayed and filled teeth, but only if the oral hygiene was adequate (p <0.0001).
Poor glycaemic control and the early onset of DM may increase the risk of dental caries, but appropriate oral hygiene together with satisfactory metabolic control may prevent the development of dental caries in adolescents with type 1 DM.
本研究旨在确定 1 型糖尿病（DM）青少年的龋齿患病率。
对 259 例 1 型 DM 青少年与 259 名年龄和性别匹配的代谢健康对照者进行临床检查。DM 病例的特点是餐后血糖和 HBA1c 水平、疾病持续时间、发病年龄和控制水平。使用 DMFT 指数评估龋齿。采用 Shapiro-Wilk's W、ANOVA、Student's t 和 Tukey 事后检验对数据进行分析。
无 DM 患者的牙齿完整。DM 青少年的平均 DMFT 评分更高（p<0.001），龋齿（p<0.0001）和补牙（p<0.001）更少。在血糖控制良好的 DM 青少年中，龋齿（D）的平均数量较低（p<0.0001），补牙（F）的数量高于血糖控制较差的患者。DM 的早期发病与龋齿和补牙数量减少有关，但前提是口腔卫生良好（p<0.0001）。
血糖控制不佳和 DM 的早期发病可能会增加龋齿的风险，但适当的口腔卫生和满意的代谢控制可能会预防 1 型 DM 青少年龋齿的发生。
