Cipullo José Paulo, Martin José Fernando Vilela, Ciorlia Luiz Alberto de Souza, Godoy Maria Regina Pereira de, Cação João Castilho, Loureiro Afonso Augusto Carvalho, Cesarino Cláudia Bernardi, Carvalho Antônio C, Cordeiro José Antônio, Burdmann Emmanuel de Almeida
Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto/SP (FAMERP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil.
Arq Bras Cardiol. 2010 Apr;94(4):519-26. doi: 10.1590/s0066-782x2010005000014. Epub 2010 Mar 26.
The available studies have not fully analyzed the several factors involved in the genesis of hypertension (HT), especially the association among blood pressure, urinary sodium excretion and renal dysfunction.
To assess the HT prevalence and risk factors in different age groups in a representative sample of an urban Brazilian population.
The studied population (1717 adult individuals) was evaluated by age groups: 18 to 39 years; 40 to 49; 50 to 59; 60 to 69 and > 70 years. Quantitative variable means and categorical variables of the hypertensive and normotensive groups were compared.
The adjusted overall prevalence of HT was 25.23%. The prevalence increased with age and was higher in individuals with low educational level. Increased body mass index and abdominal waist were positively related to a higher prevalence of HT. There was a significant positive association between HT and urinary sodium excretion. Hypertensive individuals presented higher frequency of renal dysfunction, defined as measured creatinine clearance <60 ml/min/m(2). The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 5.6% in the overall population and 14.5% in hypertensive individuals. Hypertension was a known condition to 74.4% of the hypertensive individuals. Among treated hypertensive individuals, 52.4% achieved controlled blood pressure and only 34.3% of the overall hypertensive patients (treated or not) had blood pressure controlled.
This population-based is unique by gathering different demographic, epidemiologic and risk factors involved in the genesis of hypertension in a single sample assessment with a population calculation, which might be extrapolated to other hypertensive populations.
现有研究尚未充分分析高血压（HT）发生过程中涉及的多个因素，尤其是血压、尿钠排泄与肾功能不全之间的关联。
在巴西城市人口的代表性样本中评估不同年龄组的HT患病率及危险因素。
将研究人群（1717名成年人）按年龄组进行评估：18至39岁；40至49岁；50至59岁；60至69岁以及70岁以上。比较高血压组和血压正常组的定量变量均值及分类变量。
HT的校正总体患病率为25.23%。患病率随年龄增长而升高，且在教育水平低的个体中更高。体重指数增加和腹围与HT患病率较高呈正相关。HT与尿钠排泄之间存在显著正相关。高血压个体出现肾功能不全的频率更高，定义为测量的肌酐清除率<60 ml/min/m²。总体人群中糖尿病患病率为5.6%，高血压个体中为14.5%。74.4%的高血压个体已知患有高血压。在接受治疗的高血压个体中，52.4%实现了血压控制，而总体高血压患者（无论是否接受治疗）中只有34.3%的血压得到控制。
该基于人群的研究具有独特性，通过在一次样本评估中收集涉及高血压发生的不同人口统计学、流行病学和危险因素，并进行人群计算，这些结果可能适用于其他高血压人群。
