Shanthirani C S, Pradeepa R, Deepa R, Premalatha G, Saroja R, Mohan V
Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Gopalapuram, Chennai, India.
J Assoc Physicians India. 2003 Jan;51:20-7.
Hypertension is a major public health problem in developing countries. There is however very little population based data particularly in South India. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors in an urban South Indian population at Chennai.
The Chennai Urban Population Study (CUPS) is an epidemiological study involving two residential areas in Chennai in South India. Of the total of 1399 eligible subjects (age > or = 20 years), 1262 (90.2%) participated in the study. All the study subjects underwent a glucose tolerance test (GTT) and were categorized as having normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or diabetes mellitus (DM). Subjects were classified as hypertensive using the criteria, systolic blood pressure (SBP) > or = 140 mm Hg, and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) > or = 90 mm Hg and/or treatment with anti-hypertensive drugs. Twelve-lead resting electrocardiography (ECG) was performed in 1175 individuals and peripheral Doppler studies were done in 50% of the individuals (n=631).
The overall crude prevalence of hypertension (HTN) in this population is 21.1% (n=266) while the age standardized prevalence is 17.0%. Body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in the HTN group compared to the non-hypertensive individuals. The prevalence of diabetes (p < 0.001), obesity (p < 0.001), CAD (p = 0.001) and PVD (p = 0.0055) was higher among the hypertensive compared to normotensive group. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed HTN to be significantly associated with age (p < 0.001), body mass index (p < 0.001) and glucose intolerance (p = 0.005).
The prevalence of hypertension appears to be high in this urban South Indian population and this calls for urgent steps for its prevention and control.
高血压是发展中国家的一个主要公共卫生问题。然而，基于人群的数据非常少，尤其是在印度南部。本研究的目的是确定印度南部钦奈城市人群中高血压的患病率及其相关危险因素。
钦奈城市人群研究（CUPS）是一项流行病学研究，涉及印度南部钦奈的两个居民区。在1399名符合条件的受试者（年龄≥20岁）中，1262名（90.2%）参与了研究。所有研究对象均接受了葡萄糖耐量试验（GTT），并被分类为具有正常糖耐量（NGT）、糖耐量受损（IGT）或糖尿病（DM）。根据收缩压（SBP）≥140 mmHg和/或舒张压（DBP）≥90 mmHg和/或使用抗高血压药物治疗的标准，将受试者分类为高血压患者。对1175名个体进行了12导联静息心电图（ECG）检查，对50%的个体（n = 631）进行了外周多普勒研究。
该人群中高血压（HTN）的总体粗患病率为21.1%（n = 266），而年龄标准化患病率为17.0%。与非高血压个体相比，高血压组的体重指数（BMI）和腰臀比（WHR）显著更高（p < 0.001）。与血压正常组相比，高血压患者中糖尿病（p < 0.001）、肥胖（p < 0.001）、冠心病（p = 0.001）和外周血管疾病（p = 0.0055）的患病率更高。多因素逻辑回归分析显示，高血压与年龄（p < 0.001）、体重指数（p < 0.001）和糖耐量异常（p = 0.005）显著相关。
在印度南部这个城市人群中，高血压的患病率似乎很高，这需要采取紧急措施进行预防和控制。
