Urban Environmental Biogeochemistry Laboratory, Towson University, 8000 York Rd., Towson, MD 21252-0001, USA.
Environ Pollut. 2010 Jun;158(6):2143-9. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2010.02.024. Epub 2010 Mar 26.
This study evaluated the chemical fractionation of Cu and Zn from source to deposition in a stormwater system. Cu and Zn concentrations and chemical fractionation were determined for roadway dust, roadway runoff and pond sediments. Stormwater Cu and Zn concentrations were used to generate cumulative frequency distributions to characterize potential exposure to pond-dwelling organisms. Dissolved stormwater Zn exceeded USEPA acute and chronic water quality criteria in approximately 20% of storm samples and 20% of the storm duration sampled. Dissolved Cu exceeded the previously published chronic criterion in 75% of storm samples and duration and exceeded the acute criterion in 45% of samples and duration. The majority of sediment Cu (92-98%) occurred in the most recalcitrant phase, suggesting low bioavailability; Zn was substantially more available (39-62% recalcitrant). Most sediment concentrations for Cu and Zn exceeded published threshold effect concentrations and Zn often exceeded probable effect concentrations in surface sediments.
本研究评估了 Cu 和 Zn 从源到沉积在雨水系统中的化学分馏。测定了道路灰尘、道路径流和池塘沉积物中的 Cu 和 Zn 浓度及化学形态。利用雨水 Cu 和 Zn 浓度生成累积频率分布，以描述对池塘栖息生物的潜在暴露。约 20%的雨水样本和 20%的采样时间内，溶解态雨水 Zn 超过了 USEPA 的急性和慢性水质标准。75%的雨水样本和持续时间内的溶解态 Cu 超过了先前公布的慢性标准，45%的样本和持续时间内的溶解态 Cu 超过了急性标准。大部分沉积物 Cu（92-98%）存在于最顽固的相中，表明生物利用度低；Zn 的生物利用度则明显更高（39-62%顽固相）。Cu 和 Zn 的大部分沉积物浓度超过了已公布的阈值效应浓度，而 Zn 通常在表层沉积物中超过了可能的效应浓度。
