Department of Dermatology, Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez University Hospital, Avenida Francisco I. Madero y Avenida Gonzalitos s/n, Colonia Mitras Centro, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico.
Clin Dermatol. 2010 Mar 4;28(2):151-9. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2009.12.006.
Onychomycosis is a frequent nail disease caused by dermatophytes, yeasts, and nondermatophyte molds. Trichophyton rubrum, T mentagrophytes, and Epidermophyton floccosum are the most common etiologic agents worldwide. Candida spp are the most frequent among the yeasts. Diagnosis is corroborated by direct microscopic examination, culture, and histomycology with periodic acid-Schiff stain. Other new methods of diagnosis are discussed. Treatment is based on oral antifungals: terbinafine, itraconazole, and fluconazole, including other emerging triazole drugs. Therapeutic outcome with ciclopirox and amorolfine lacquers alone and combined with systemic therapy are also reviewed, as well as the new nail enhancers and physical and chemical removal of the diseased nails.
甲真菌病是一种常见的指甲疾病，由皮肤癣菌、酵母菌和非皮肤癣菌霉菌引起。红色毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌和絮状表皮癣菌是全球最常见的病因。酵母菌中最常见的是念珠菌属。诊断通过直接显微镜检查、培养和过碘酸-希夫染色的组织真菌学来证实。还讨论了其他新的诊断方法。治疗基于口服抗真菌药物：特比萘芬、伊曲康唑和氟康唑，包括其他新兴的三唑类药物。环吡酮和阿莫罗芬漆单独和联合全身治疗的治疗效果，以及新的指甲增强剂和患病指甲的物理和化学去除也进行了综述。
