Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street, Suite 301, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2010 May;11(5):329-38. doi: 10.1038/nrn2739. Epub 2010 Mar 31.
Neurogenesis, the process of generating functional neurons from neural stem cells, is tightly controlled by many intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms. Uncovering these regulatory mechanisms is crucial for understanding the functions and plasticity of the human brain. Recent studies in both invertebrates and vertebrates point to the importance of small regulatory RNAs in regulating lineage-specific gene expression and determining neuronal identity during neurogenesis. These new observations suggest that small regulatory RNAs could function at many levels to regulate self-renewal of neural stem cells and neuronal fate specification, implicating small regulatory RNAs in the complexity of neurogenesis.
神经发生，即从神经干细胞生成功能性神经元的过程，受到许多内在和外在机制的严格控制。揭示这些调控机制对于理解人类大脑的功能和可塑性至关重要。最近在无脊椎动物和脊椎动物中的研究表明，小调控 RNA 在调节谱系特异性基因表达和在神经发生过程中决定神经元身份方面起着重要作用。这些新的观察结果表明，小调控 RNA 可以在多个层面上发挥作用，调节神经干细胞的自我更新和神经元命运的特化，这表明小调控 RNA 参与了神经发生的复杂性。
