Department of Reproduction and Development, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Epigenetics. 2010 May 16;5(4):255-66. doi: 10.4161/epi.5.4.11518.
Chromosome pairing and synapsis during meiotic prophase requires the formation and repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by the topoisomerase-like enzyme SPO11. Chromosomes, or chromosomal regions, that lack a pairing partner, such as the largely heterologous X and Y chromosomes, show delayed meiotic DSB repair and are transcriptionally silenced. Herein, we review meiosis-specific aspects of DSB repair in relation to homology recognition and meiotic silencing of heterologous regions. We propose a dynamic interplay between progression of synapsis and persistent meiotic DSBs. Signaling from these persistent breaks could inhibit heterologous synapsis and stimulate meiotic silencing of the X and Y chromosomes.
在减数分裂前期，染色体配对和联会需要拓扑异构酶样酶 SPO11 形成和修复 DNA 双链断裂 (DSB)。缺乏配对伙伴的染色体或染色体区域，如大部分异源的 X 和 Y 染色体，显示出减数分裂 DSB 修复延迟和转录沉默。本文综述了与同源性识别和异源区域减数分裂沉默相关的减数分裂特异性 DSB 修复的方面。我们提出了联会进展和持续减数分裂 DSB 之间的动态相互作用。这些持续断裂的信号可能会抑制异源联会，并刺激 X 和 Y 染色体的减数分裂沉默。
