Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
J Innate Immun. 2009;1(4):291-300. doi: 10.1159/000211193. Epub 2009 Apr 2.
Innate, nonadaptive immune receptors represent phylogenetically ancient first-line sensors of invariant non-self patterns and other cellular danger signals. From lower animal phyla to vertebrates, most pathogens are immediately detected by various recognition systems and are destroyed by induction of defense effectors like antimicrobial peptides. Toll-like receptors, nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-like receptors and scavenger receptor cysteine-rich proteins represent archetypes of the innate immune receptors, which mediate the complex interaction between the host and microbiota at the interface of epithelial barriers. In this review, we will use knowledge gained from marine invertebrates as a paradigm to describe how this constant molecular crosstalk within the holobiont, i.e. the animal with all its associated microorganisms, contributes to epithelial homeostasis, immunological integrity and maintenance of the resident microbial diversity.
先天的、非适应性免疫受体是进化上古老的、识别不变的非自身模式和其他细胞危险信号的一线传感器。从较低等的动物门到脊椎动物，各种识别系统会立即检测到大多数病原体，并通过诱导抗菌肽等防御效应物来将其破坏。Toll 样受体、核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体和清道夫受体富含半胱氨酸蛋白是先天免疫受体的典型代表，它们介导宿主与上皮屏障界面处微生物群之间的复杂相互作用。在这篇综述中，我们将利用从海洋无脊椎动物获得的知识作为范例，描述这种在整个后生动物体内的持续分子串扰，即具有所有相关微生物的动物，如何有助于上皮稳态、免疫完整性和常驻微生物多样性的维持。
