Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Curr Opin Support Palliat Care. 2010 Jun;4(2):69-75. doi: 10.1097/SPC.0b013e3283392b51.
Dyspnea is the most common symptom in interstitial lung disease, yet little is known about its management. This review summarizes the available evidence for the treatment of dyspnea in interstitial lung disease.
The management of dyspnea in interstitial lung disease remains a challenge, with few effective therapies. Limited evidence suggests that pulmonary rehabilitation is an effective treatment of dyspnea. In patients with interstitial lung disease, dyspnea severity is associated with measures of ventilatory restriction, gas exchange, functional status, mental health, and some comorbid diseases. Treatment directed toward these modifiable correlates of dyspnea might be effective in dyspnea management; however, the outcome of this strategy has not been adequately studied.
Studies support pulmonary rehabilitation as an effective treatment for dyspnea in interstitial lung disease and pulmonary rehabilitation should be considered in all dyspneic patients. Several investigational agents have been developed and evaluated for potential use in fibrotic interstitial lung disease; however, these agents have not been shown to improve dyspnea.
呼吸困难是间质性肺疾病中最常见的症状，但对其治疗方法却知之甚少。本综述总结了间质性肺疾病呼吸困难治疗的现有证据。
间质性肺疾病呼吸困难的管理仍然是一个挑战，几乎没有有效的治疗方法。有限的证据表明，肺康复是一种有效的呼吸困难治疗方法。在间质性肺疾病患者中，呼吸困难的严重程度与通气受限、气体交换、功能状态、心理健康和一些合并症的指标相关。针对这些可改变的呼吸困难相关因素的治疗可能对呼吸困难的管理有效；然而，这一策略的结果尚未得到充分研究。
研究支持肺康复作为间质性肺疾病呼吸困难的有效治疗方法，应考虑在所有呼吸困难的患者中使用肺康复。已经开发和评估了几种有希望用于纤维性间质性肺疾病的治疗药物；然而，这些药物并不能改善呼吸困难。
