Chaudhary Rajendra, Das Sudipta S, Ojha Shashank, Khetan Dheeraj, Sonker Atul
Department of Transfusion Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow - 226 014, India.
Asian J Transfus Sci. 2010 Jan;4(1):28-30. doi: 10.4103/0973-6247.59388.
Quality assurance in blood banking includes active participation in the external quality program. Such a program offers valuable benefits to patient care, their safety, and an overall quality of laboratory practices. In the year 2002, we participated in the External Quality Assessment Scheme (EQAS) under the World Health Organization (WHO), Bureau of Laboratory Quality Standards, Thailand.
In the current study we evaluated our EQAS test result of the past five years, from 2003 to 2007. Test results of all blood samples such as ABO grouping, D typing, antibody screening, antibody identification, and transfusion transmitted infection (TTI) testing were analyzed and documented.
Discordant results in one or more instances were observed with antibody identification, weak D testing, and tests for anti-HIV1/2 and HBsAg. Twice we failed to detect the 'anti-Mia' antibody in the issued sample and that could be attributed to the absence of the corresponding antigen in the used cell panel. HBsAg was missed due to its critically low titer in the serum and the comparatively low sensitivity of our Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) test kit.
All these failures in the last five years have helped us to significantly improve our transfusion service in terms of performance evaluation, patient care and safety issues, and the overall quality of laboratory practices. We therefore recommend all laboratories and hospitals to participate in the EQAS program, which will definitely help them to improve from what they learn.
血库的质量保证包括积极参与外部质量计划。这样的计划对患者护理、他们的安全以及实验室操作的整体质量都有重要益处。2002年，我们参与了世界卫生组织（WHO）泰国实验室质量标准局下属的外部质量评估计划（EQAS）。
在本研究中，我们评估了2003年至2007年过去五年的EQAS测试结果。对所有血液样本的测试结果进行了分析和记录，这些测试包括ABO血型鉴定、D抗原定型、抗体筛查、抗体鉴定以及输血传播感染（TTI）检测。
在抗体鉴定、弱D检测以及抗HIV1/2和HBsAg检测中，发现有一个或多个结果不一致的情况。我们有两次未能在发放的样本中检测到“抗-Mia”抗体，这可能是由于所用细胞板中缺乏相应抗原。由于血清中HBsAg滴度极低以及我们的酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）试剂盒灵敏度相对较低，导致HBsAg漏检。
过去五年的所有这些失误帮助我们在性能评估、患者护理与安全问题以及实验室操作的整体质量方面显著改进了输血服务。因此，我们建议所有实验室和医院参与EQAS计划，这肯定会帮助他们从所学中取得进步。
