单增李斯特菌污染猪肉可能来源于农场。

Listeria monocytogenes contamination in pork can originate from farms.

机构信息

Department of Food and Environmental Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland.

出版信息

J Food Prot. 2010 Apr;73(4):641-8. doi: 10.4315/0362-028x-73.4.641.

DOI:10.4315/0362-028x-73.4.641

PMID:20377951

Abstract

The presence of Listeria monocytogenes in the pork production chain was followed from farm to slaughterhouse by examining the farm and slaughterhouse levels in the same 364 pigs, and finally by analyzing the cut meats from the same pig lots. Both organic and conventional farms were included in the study. Altogether, 1,962 samples were collected, and the 424 L. monocytogenes isolates were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The results from microbial analyses were combined with data from an on-farm observation and a questionnaire to clarify the associations between farm factors and prevalence of L. monocytogenes. The prevalence of L. monocytogenes was 11, 1, 1, 24, 5, 1, and 4% in feed and litter, rectal swabs, intestinal contents, tonsils, pluck sets (including lungs, heart, liver, and kidney), carcasses, and meat cuts, respectively. The prevalence was significantly higher in organic than in conventional pig production at the farm and slaughterhouse level, but not in meat cuts. Similar L. monocytogenes genotypes were recovered in different steps of the production chain in pigs originating from the same farm. Specific farm management factors, i.e., large group size, contact with pet and pest animals, manure treatment, use of coarse feed, access to outdoor area, hygiene practices, and drinking from the trough, influenced the presence of L. monocytogenes in pigs. L. monocytogenes was present in the production chain, and transmission of the pathogen was possible throughout the chain, from the farm to pork. Good farm-level practices can therefore be utilized to reduce the prevalence of this pathogen.

摘要

李斯特菌在猪肉生产链中的存在情况通过对同一 364 头猪的农场和屠宰场水平进行检测，最后对来自同一猪群的切块肉进行分析，从农场到屠宰场进行了跟踪。本研究包括有机农场和常规农场。共采集了 1962 个样本，对 424 株李斯特菌分离株进行了脉冲场凝胶电泳分析。将微生物分析的结果与农场观察和问卷调查的数据相结合，以澄清农场因素与李斯特菌流行之间的关系。饲料和垫料中李斯特菌的检出率分别为 11%、1%、1%、24%、5%、1%和 4%，直肠拭子、肠内容物、扁桃体、屠体、副产物（包括肺、心、肝和肾）和切块肉的检出率分别为 1%、4%、24%、5%、1%、1%和 4%。在农场和屠宰场水平，有机猪肉生产中李斯特菌的检出率显著高于常规猪肉生产，但在切块肉中则不然。源自同一农场的猪在生产链的不同步骤中回收了相似的李斯特菌基因型。特定的农场管理因素，如大群体规模、与宠物和害虫动物接触、粪便处理、使用粗饲料、接触户外区域、卫生实践和从料槽饮水，影响了猪中李斯特菌的存在。李斯特菌存在于生产链中，病原体可能通过整个链条从农场传播到猪肉。因此，可以利用良好的农场级实践来降低这种病原体的流行率。