Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
Vaccine. 2010 May 14;28(22):3758-66. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.03.072. Epub 2010 Apr 7.
The 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic is markedly different from seasonal influenza with the disease affecting the younger population and a larger than expected number of severe or fatal cases has been seen in pregnant women, obese people and in people who were otherwise healthy. In Europe, influenza activity caused by the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) virus has passed the winter peak with nearly all countries now reporting lower influenza activity. However, although the rate of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) is declining, fatal cases continue to be reported and the future is hard to predict. The most effective protection against influenza is vaccination and increasing vaccine coverage is the only way to eliminate uncertainties regarding possible future waves of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1). Recommendations have been developed for several central European countries but there is no clear or uniform definition with respect to priority groups or age groups who should receive vaccination. This paper contains the Central European Vaccination Advisory Group (CEVAG) guidance statement on recommendations for the vaccination of adults and children against 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1). CEVAG recommends vaccination of all health-care workers, pregnant women, children > or = 6 months and <2 years of age and people with chronic medical conditions as a first priority.
2009 年甲型 H1N1 流感大流行与季节性流感明显不同，该病影响到年轻人群，而且在孕妇、肥胖人群以及原本健康的人群中，重症和死亡病例的数量超出预期。在欧洲，由 2009 年甲型 H1N1 流感病毒引起的流感活动已过了冬季高峰期，几乎所有国家的流感活动都有所减少。然而，尽管 2009 年大流行流感 A(H1N1)的发病率正在下降，但仍有死亡病例报告，未来难以预测。预防流感最有效的方法是接种疫苗，增加疫苗接种覆盖率是消除对可能出现的 2009 年大流行流感 A(H1N1)未来浪潮的不确定性的唯一途径。已为几个中欧国家制定了建议，但对于应优先接种疫苗的重点人群或年龄组，尚无明确或统一的定义。本文载有中欧疫苗咨询小组（CEVAG）关于接种 2009 年大流行流感 A(H1N1)疫苗的成年人和儿童建议的指导说明。CEVAG 建议将所有医护人员、孕妇、6 个月至<2 岁的儿童和患有慢性疾病的人群作为第一优先接种人群。
