Transportation Research Institute, Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 5 Bus 6, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
Accid Anal Prev. 2010 May;42(3):953-60. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2009.06.020.
Although speed limits are indicated by road signs, road users are not always aware, while driving, of the actual speed limit on a given road segment. The Roads and Traffic Agency developed additional road markings in order to support driver decisions on speed on 70 km/h roads in Flanders-Belgium. In this paper the results are presented of two evaluation studies, both a field study and a simulator study, on the effects of the additional road markings on speed behaviour. The results of the field study showed no substantial effect of the markings on speed behaviour. Neither did the simulator study, with slightly different stimuli. Nevertheless an effect on lateral position was noticed in the simulator study, showing at least some effect of the markings. The role of conspicuity of design elements and expectations towards traffic environments is discussed. Both studies illustrate well some strengths and weaknesses of observational field studies compared to experimental simulator studies.
尽管道路标志会指示限速，但驾驶员在驾驶时并不总是能意识到特定路段的实际限速。为了辅助驾驶员在比利时弗拉芒地区的 70 公里/小时限速道路上做出速度决策，道路和交通管理局开发了额外的道路标线。本文介绍了两项评估研究的结果，这两项研究分别是实地研究和模拟器研究，旨在评估额外的道路标线对速度行为的影响。实地研究的结果表明，标线对速度行为没有实质性影响。在使用略有不同的刺激的模拟器研究中，也没有观察到这种效果。然而，在模拟器研究中，注意到了标线对横向位置的影响，这至少表明了标线的一些效果。本文还讨论了设计元素的显著性和对交通环境的期望在其中的作用。这两项研究都很好地说明了与实验性模拟器研究相比，观察性实地研究的一些优势和劣势。
