Dopson Jemma C, Esber Guillem R, Pearce John M
School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT.
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process. 2010 Apr;36(2):258-67. doi: 10.1037/a0016588.
Pigeons in two experiments were first trained with a set of simple discriminations of the form AX+ CX-, BY+ DY- where A, B, C, and D were relevant, and belonged to one dimension, and X and Y were irrelevant and belonged to a different dimension. They were then tested with a discrimination of the form AX+ AY- BX-. The experiments revealed that the discrimination between AX+ and BX- was acquired more readily than between AX+ and AY-, which indicates that the original training resulted in the associability of the relevant stimuli being greater than that of the irrelevant stimuli. Experiment 2 revealed that the status of other stimuli from the two dimensions influenced these changes in associability. The associability of X and Y was enhanced by making other stimuli from the same dimension relevant, and the associability of A and B was reduced by making other stimuli from the same dimension irrelevant. The associability of the stimuli is attributed to the attention they are paid.
在两项实验中，首先对鸽子进行一组形式为AX+ CX-、BY+ DY-的简单辨别训练，其中A、B、C和D是相关的，且属于一个维度，而X和Y是不相关的，属于另一个维度。然后对它们进行AX+ AY- BX-形式的辨别测试。实验表明，AX+和BX-之间的辨别比AX+和AY-之间的辨别更容易习得，这表明最初的训练导致相关刺激的可联想性大于不相关刺激的可联想性。实验2表明，来自两个维度的其他刺激的状态影响了这些可联想性的变化。通过使来自同一维度的其他刺激相关，X和Y的可联想性得到增强，而通过使来自同一维度的其他刺激不相关，A和B的可联想性则降低。刺激的可联想性归因于它们所受到的关注。
