Randolph S E
Department of Zoology, University of Oxford.
Parasitology. 1991 Feb;102 Pt 1:9-16. doi: 10.1017/s0031182000060285.
Evidence is presented that Babesia microti may promote its transmission amongst rodents by enhancing the feeding success and survival of its tick vector, Ixodes trianguliceps. Both the mean engorged weight of larval ticks and the percentage moult of larvae to nymphs increased as larvae fed on naive hosts later in the parasitaemic cycle up to a point a few days beyond the loss of a patent infection. This increased feeding success and survival was not dependent on the level of infection by B. microti. Two possible, host-mediated mechanisms for the observed parasite-vector interactions are suggested, the antihaemostatic effects induced by babesiosis and the interaction of the immunosuppressive effects of Babesia and the development of immunity to ixodid ticks by their vertebrate hosts.
有证据表明,微小巴贝斯虫可能通过提高其蜱类传播媒介三角硬蜱的取食成功率和存活率,来促进自身在啮齿动物中的传播。随着幼虫在寄生虫血症周期后期以未感染的宿主为食,直至超过显性感染消失后的几天时间点,幼虫饱血后的平均重量以及幼虫发育为若虫的蜕皮率均有所增加。这种取食成功率和存活率的提高并不依赖于微小巴贝斯虫的感染水平。文中提出了两种可能的、由宿主介导的机制来解释观察到的寄生虫与传播媒介之间的相互作用,即巴贝斯虫病诱导的抗止血作用,以及巴贝斯虫的免疫抑制作用与脊椎动物宿主对硬蜱产生的免疫反应之间的相互作用。