Breeze J, Bryant D
Academic Department of Military Surgery and Trauma, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham Research Park, Vincent Drive, Birmingham, England.
J R Army Med Corps. 2009 Dec;155(4):274-8. doi: 10.1136/jramc-155-04-07.
There has been a significant increase in the incidence of head, face and neck (HFN) injuries in the 21st century in comparison to that experienced in the previous century. In the majority of HFN injuries the primary cause of death is secondary to airway compromise and with the exception of severe neck wounds haemorrhage is an unusual cause of death. Emergency cricothyroidotomy and semi- elective tracheostomy are skills that should be taught to deploying surgeons. There are now significantly increased numbers of potentially salvageable HFN injuries resulting from new and effective armour that protects the torso and abdomen. Equivalent armour to protect the neck and face is not yet effective and requires development. We describe the current epidemiology and management of battlefield head, face and neck trauma.
与上世纪相比，21世纪头、面、颈部（HFN）损伤的发生率显著增加。在大多数HFN损伤中，主要死因是气道受损，除严重颈部伤口外，出血是不常见的死因。紧急环甲膜切开术和半择期气管切开术是应教授给出征外科医生的技能。由于新型有效装甲保护躯干和腹部，现在有大量潜在可挽救的HFN损伤病例显著增加。保护颈部和面部的等效装甲尚未有效，需要研发。我们描述了战场头、面、颈部创伤的当前流行病学和管理情况。
