Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
J Clin Anesth. 2010 May;22(3):213-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2009.10.002.
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) for medically refractory seizures has been an approved therapy by the Food and Drug Administration since 1997, with additional approval as an adjunct therapy for major depression granted in 2005. Potential applications for VNS therapy in obesity, neuropsychiatric disorders, and chronic pain syndromes are under investigation. Bradyarrhythmias, including asystole, may occur during VNS device placement or as a delayed complication. A peritracheal hematoma may develop following VNS device placement, necessitating emergent management. Other respiratory complications may include vocal cord movement abnormalities with potential for aspiration. Vagus nerve stimulation results in sleep-related breathing pattern changes, with an associated increase in the number of obstructive apneas and hypopneas in both children and adults, which may impact perioperative care.
迷走神经刺激（VNS）治疗药物难治性癫痫自 1997 年以来已获得美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）的批准，2005 年又被批准作为治疗重度抑郁症的辅助疗法。VNS 治疗肥胖症、神经精神障碍和慢性疼痛综合征的潜在应用正在研究中。VNS 设备放置过程中或延迟并发症可能会出现心动过缓，包括窦性停搏。VNS 设备放置后可能会形成气管周围血肿，需要紧急处理。其他呼吸系统并发症可能包括声带运动异常，有发生吸入的潜在风险。迷走神经刺激会导致睡眠相关呼吸模式的改变，在儿童和成人中都会导致阻塞性呼吸暂停和呼吸不足的次数增加，这可能会影响围手术期的护理。
