Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal.
Obes Rev. 2010 Sep;11(9):627-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2010.00739.x.
In 2005 we evaluated a nationally representative sample of the Mozambican adult population (n=2913; 25-64 years old) following the STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance to estimate urban-rural differences in overweight and obesity and waist circumferences. The prevalences of obesity and overweight were, respectively, 6.8% (95% CI: 5.1-8.6) and 11.8% (95% CI: 8.4-15.4) among women, and 2.3% (95% CI: 1.1-3.6) and 9.4% (95% CI: 5.7-13.1) among men. Overweight/obesity was more frequent in urban settings (age-, income- and education-adjusted prevalence ratios; women, 2.76, 95% CI: 1.82-4.18; men, 1.76, 95% CI: 0.80-3.85). The average waist circumference in Mozambique was 75.2cm (95% CI: 74.3-76.0) in women, significantly higher in urban than rural areas (age-, income- and education-adjusted β=3.6cm, 95% CI: 1.6-5.5) and 76.1cm (95% CI: 75.0-77.3) in men, with no urban-rural differences (adjusted β=1.3cm, 95% CI: -0.9 to 3.5). Our results show urban-rural differences, as expected in a country under epidemiological transition, with urban areas presenting a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity, but age- and education-specific estimates suggesting a trend towards smaller divergences. The development and implementation of strategies to manage the foreseeable obesity-related healthcare demands are needed.
2005 年，我们采用慢性病风险因素监测的 STEPWISE 方法，对莫桑比克成年人（n=2913；25-64 岁）进行了全国代表性抽样调查，以评估城乡超重和肥胖及腰围的差异。女性中肥胖和超重的患病率分别为 6.8%（95%可信区间：5.1-8.6）和 11.8%（95%可信区间：8.4-15.4），男性分别为 2.3%（95%可信区间：1.1-3.6）和 9.4%（95%可信区间：5.7-13.1）。超重/肥胖在城市地区更为常见（年龄、收入和教育调整后的患病率比；女性，2.76，95%可信区间：1.82-4.18；男性，1.76，95%可信区间：0.80-3.85）。莫桑比克女性的平均腰围为 75.2cm（95%可信区间：74.3-76.0），显著高于农村地区（年龄、收入和教育调整后的β=3.6cm，95%可信区间：1.6-5.5），男性为 76.1cm（95%可信区间：75.0-77.3），城乡之间无差异（调整后的β=1.3cm，95%可信区间：-0.9 至 3.5）。我们的结果显示了城乡差异，这在一个处于流行病学转变中的国家是意料之中的，城市地区超重/肥胖的患病率较高，但按年龄和教育程度具体估计表明，差异正在缩小。需要制定和实施管理可预见的肥胖相关医疗保健需求的策略。
