Silva Isa, Damasceno Albertino, Fontes Filipa, Araújo Natália, Prista António, Jessen Neusa, Padrão Patrícia, Silva-Matos Carla, Lunet Nuno
EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal.
Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal.
J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2023 Jul 12;10(7):298. doi: 10.3390/jcdd10070298.
The life course development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and the undergoing epidemiological transition in Mozambique highlight the importance of monitoring the cardiovascular risk profile in young adults. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the prevalence of CVD risk factors in a population aged 18-25 years living in Mozambique. A total of 776 young adults from a nationally representative sample were evaluated in 2014/2015 following the World Health Organization's STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance. Current smoking was the most prevalent among rural men (10.8%, 95%CI: 6.3-17.8), and drinking was most prevalent among urban men (38.6%, 95%CI: 29.3-48.8). The proportion of young adults not engaging in at least 75 min of vigorous physical activity per week ranged between 14.5% in rural men and 61.6% in urban women. The prevalence of being overweight/obese and hypertension were highest among urban women (21.6%, 95%CI: 14.7-30.6) and urban men (25.2%, 95%CI: 15.9-37.6), respectively. Education >8 years (vs. none) was independently associated with lower odds of being a current smoker, and increased monthly household income was associated with increased odds of low levels of physical activity. This study shows that important CVD risk factors are already common in the young adult population of Mozambique.
心血管疾病（CVDs）的生命历程发展以及莫桑比克正在经历的流行病学转变凸显了监测年轻成人心血管风险状况的重要性。因此，本研究旨在估计居住在莫桑比克的18至25岁人群中CVD风险因素的患病率。2014/2015年，按照世界卫生组织的慢性病风险因素监测逐步方法，对来自全国代表性样本的776名年轻成年人进行了评估。当前吸烟在农村男性中最为普遍（10.8%，95%置信区间：6.3 - 17.8），饮酒在城市男性中最为普遍（38.6%，95%置信区间：29.3 - 48.8）。每周未进行至少75分钟剧烈体育活动的年轻成年人比例在农村男性中为14.5%，在城市女性中为61.6%。超重/肥胖和高血压的患病率分别在城市女性（21.6%，95%置信区间：14.7 - 30.6）和城市男性（25.2%，95%置信区间：15.9 - 37.6）中最高。受教育年限>8年（与未接受教育相比）与当前吸烟几率较低独立相关，家庭月收入增加与体育活动水平低的几率增加相关。本研究表明，重要的CVD风险因素在莫桑比克的年轻成年人群体中已经很常见。
