The National Centre of Competency Department, The Danish School of Education, Aarhus University, Copenhagen NV, Denmark.
Nurse Educ Today. 2011 Jan;31(1):54-8. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2010.03.015. Epub 2010 Apr 20.
This article presents a new approach to student nurses' learning from their interaction with psychiatric patients. Using the approach can enable students and mentors to exploit students' learning opportunities, and help students to get the most out of their clinical placement in a time, where that part of the nursing education has been reduced in some countries as e.g. Denmark. The approach is presented through a model termed the 'Windmill of Learning Processes', which draws on empirical data from a qualitative investigation with an explorative and descriptive design, and on the theoretical concepts of 'disjuncture', and 'everyday life activities'. 'Disjuncture' is defined as a situation in which there is disharmony between a person's experiences and the current situation. In such a situation there is potential for learning. My analysis of the empirical data led to the identification of a new concept, which I have labelled 'collective not-conscious disjuncture'. This is when the student and the mentor are both unaware that the student is operating in a potential learning situation. 'Everyday life activities' are seen as activities that are known to succeed in specific situations, because they have done so in similar situations. I have expanded upon the concept to define another phenomenon, which I have coined 'pseudo-everyday life activities'. These closely resemble everyday life activities, but take place in a psychiatric context.
本文提出了一种新的方法,让护生从与精神科患者的互动中学习。使用这种方法可以使学生和导师充分利用学生的学习机会,并帮助学生在护理教育的这一部分在某些国家(如丹麦)已经减少的情况下,充分利用他们在临床实习中的时间。该方法通过一个名为“学习过程风车”的模型呈现,该模型借鉴了定性研究的实证数据,该研究采用探索性和描述性设计,以及“脱节”和“日常生活活动”的理论概念。“脱节”被定义为一个人经历和当前情况之间不协调的情况。在这种情况下,存在学习的潜力。我对实证数据的分析导致了一个新概念的出现,我将其命名为“集体无意识脱节”。当学生和导师都没有意识到学生处于潜在的学习情境中时,就会出现这种情况。“日常生活活动”被视为在特定情况下成功的活动,因为它们在类似的情况下已经成功过。我扩展了这个概念,定义了另一个现象,我称之为“伪日常生活活动”。这些活动与日常生活活动非常相似,但发生在精神科环境中。