Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
Horm Res Paediatr. 2010;73(6):443-8. doi: 10.1159/000313587. Epub 2010 Apr 20.
Testicular microlithiasis (TM) is characterized by calcium deposits within the seminiferous tubules and is associated with benign and malign conditions.
To determine TM prevalence in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and its association with testicular adrenal rest tumors (TART).
Scrotal ultrasound using a high-frequency linear transducer (12 MHz) was performed in 41 patients aged 12.1 +/- 4.7 (range 3.5-23.3) years and 49 healthy similarly aged controls. TM was classified with respect to the number of microliths per ultrasound field as limited (LTM, <5 microliths) and classic (CTM, > or = 5 microliths). CTM was graded as grade 1 (5-10 microliths), grade 2 (11-20 microliths), and grade 3 (>20 microliths).
TM was detected bilaterally in 9 (21.9%) patients and 2 (4.1%) control cases (1 bilateral, 1 unilateral). Four patients had LTM, one evaluated as grade 1, one as grade 2, and three as grade 3. There were 9 patients with TART. Four patients had TM and TART concomitantly.
Because TM is frequently found in patients with CAH and may also exist concomitantly with TART, we recommend that these patients be followed annually by testicular ultrasound.
睾丸微石症（TM）的特征是在曲细精管内有钙沉积，与良性和恶性情况有关。
确定先天性肾上腺增生症（CAH）患者中 TM 的患病率及其与睾丸肾上腺残余肿瘤（TART）的关系。
对 41 名年龄为 12.1 +/- 4.7（范围 3.5-23.3）岁的患者和 49 名年龄相近的健康对照组患者使用高频线性探头（12MHz）进行阴囊超声检查。根据每个超声视野中的微石数量将 TM 分为局限性（LTM，<5 个微石）和经典性（CTM，≥5 个微石）。CTM 分为 1 级（5-10 个微石）、2 级（11-20 个微石）和 3 级（>20 个微石）。
9 名（21.9%）患者和 2 名（4.1%）对照组患者双侧发现 TM（1 例双侧，1 例单侧）。4 名患者为 LTM，1 例评为 1 级，1 例评为 2 级，3 例评为 3 级。有 9 名患者有 TART。4 名患者同时存在 TM 和 TART。
由于 TM 在 CAH 患者中经常发现，并且也可能与 TART 同时存在，因此我们建议这些患者每年通过睾丸超声进行随访。
