EMBL-CRG Systems Biology Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation, Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona, Spain.
Front Cell Neurosci. 2010 Mar 31;4:6. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2010.00006. eCollection 2010.
Early in evolution, the ability to sense and respond to changing environments must have provided a critical survival advantage to living organisms. From bacteria and worms to flies and vertebrates, sophisticated mechanisms have evolved to enhance odor detection and localization. Here, we review several modes of chemotaxis. We further consider the relevance of a striking and recurrent motif in the organization of invertebrate and vertebrate sensory systems, namely the existence of two symmetrical olfactory sensors. By combining our current knowledge about the olfactory circuits of larval and adult Drosophila, we examine the molecular and neural mechanisms underlying robust olfactory perception and extend these analyses to recent behavioral studies addressing the relevance and function of bilateral olfactory input for gradient detection. Finally, using a comparative theoretical approach based on Braitenberg's vehicles, we speculate about the relationships between anatomy, circuit architecture and stereotypical orientation behaviors.
在进化早期，感知和应对环境变化的能力一定为生物提供了至关重要的生存优势。从细菌和蠕虫到苍蝇和脊椎动物，已经进化出了复杂的机制来增强对气味的检测和定位。在这里，我们将回顾几种趋化作用模式。我们进一步考虑了在无脊椎动物和脊椎动物感觉系统的组织中一个显著而反复出现的模式的相关性，即存在两个对称的嗅觉传感器。通过结合我们目前对幼虫和成年果蝇嗅觉回路的了解，我们研究了强大嗅觉感知的分子和神经机制，并将这些分析扩展到最近的行为研究，这些研究涉及双侧嗅觉输入对梯度检测的相关性和功能。最后，我们使用基于 Braitenberg 车辆的比较理论方法，推测解剖结构、电路结构和典型定向行为之间的关系。
