Schön Ulla-Karin
Stockholm University, Sveavagen, Stockholm, Sweden.
Scand J Caring Sci. 2010 Sep;24(3):557-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2009.00748.x.
Recovery from mental illness is an individual process characterized by regaining a positive sense of self and developing a new meaning. Knowledge concerning differences between male and female recovery processes is, however, limited. The objective of this study was to determine gender diversity in what individuals described as decisive factors for their recovery.
In this qualitative study based on grounded theory, 30 first-person accounts of recovery from mental illness are examined. After informed consent from the participants, data were collected through in-depth interviews with people in recovery from psychosis, bipolar disorders or personality disorders.
The results show that in spite of structural gender inequalities, female gender norms seem to be an advantage in the recovery process. The female participants were focused on making sense and meaning in their recovery process, while the male participants were focused on control over symptoms and reinforcement of traditional roles such as occupation and independence. Another result showed psychiatric hospitalization to mainly contribute to male recovery processes.
These results provide new insights into gender as an important factor in understanding recovery processes and in providing care to facilitate these processes.
从精神疾病中康复是一个个体过程，其特征是重新获得积极的自我认知并形成新的意义。然而，关于男性和女性康复过程差异的知识有限。本研究的目的是确定个体所描述的康复决定性因素中的性别差异。
在这项基于扎根理论的定性研究中，对30份从精神疾病中康复的第一人称叙述进行了考察。在获得参与者的知情同意后，通过对从精神病、双相情感障碍或人格障碍中康复的人员进行深入访谈来收集数据。
结果表明，尽管存在结构性的性别不平等，但女性性别规范在康复过程中似乎是一个优势。女性参与者专注于在康复过程中找到意义，而男性参与者则专注于控制症状以及强化诸如职业和独立等传统角色。另一个结果显示，精神科住院治疗主要有助于男性的康复过程。
这些结果为将性别视为理解康复过程以及提供促进这些过程的护理的重要因素提供了新的见解。
