University of Jena, Germany.
J Adolesc. 2011 Feb;34(1):29-37. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2010.03.004. Epub 2010 Apr 20.
Affective influences may play a key role in adolescent risk taking, but have rarely been studied. Using an audiovisual method of affect induction, two experimental studies examined the effect of positive affect on risk perceptions in adolescence and young adulthood. Outcomes were risk perceptions regarding drinking alcohol, smoking a cigarette, riding in a car with a drunk driver, getting into a fight, and having unprotected sexual intercourse. Study 1 showed that positive affect led to lower risk perceptions than neutral affect for young adults (mean age 23). Study 2 replicated the effect for early adolescents (mean age 13), mid-adolescents (mean age 17), and young adults (mean age 23). Moreover, Study 2 showed that the effect was most pronounced at high levels of impulsiveness. Adolescents and young adults may be more risk averse in contexts that do not give rise to emotions, but have markedly lower risk perceptions under positive affect.
情感影响可能在青少年冒险行为中起着关键作用，但很少有研究对此进行探讨。本研究采用视听情感诱导方法，通过两项实验研究考察了积极情绪对青少年和青年风险认知的影响。研究结果为青少年和青年对饮酒、吸烟、与醉酒司机同车、打架和无保护性行为的风险认知。研究 1 表明，积极情绪比中性情绪导致年轻人（平均年龄 23 岁）的风险认知更低。研究 2 复制了这一结果，对象为早期青少年（平均年龄 13 岁）、中期青少年（平均年龄 17 岁）和年轻人（平均年龄 23 岁）。此外，研究 2 表明，在冲动水平较高的情况下，这种影响更为明显。青少年和青年在不会引起情绪的情况下可能更厌恶风险，但在积极情绪下，他们的风险认知明显较低。
