Bill K M, Fee J P, Clarke R S
Department of Anaesthetics, Queen's University of Belfast.
J R Soc Med. 1991 May;84(5):277-9. doi: 10.1177/014107689108400511.
The benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil (0.01 mg/kg) has been compared with doxapram (1 mg/kg) and saline for the reversal of anaesthesia with intravenous midazolam, alfentanil, nitrous oxide in oxygen and isoflurane. The completeness of reversal was assessed by means of a four-choice reaction time test, 1 and 3 h following the antagonist. In addition, the level of sedation was graded using a five-point scale. Psychomotor testing showed that 60 min after administration of the antagonist, there were marked increases in reaction times (P less than 0.05) both in the control and doxapram groups, but not in those receiving flumazenil. At 180 min, however, reaction times in all groups had returned to baseline values. In contrast, there was a significant difference in the sedation scores between the saline and flumazenil groups throughout the study period (P less than 0.05). During the 4 h following midazolam, there was no evidence of re-sedation in any of the groups despite the relatively high midazolam dosage.
已将苯二氮䓬拮抗剂氟马西尼（0.01毫克/千克）与多沙普仑（1毫克/千克）及生理盐水进行比较，以观察其对静脉注射咪达唑仑、阿芬太尼、氧化亚氮-氧气混合气体和异氟烷麻醉的苏醒作用。在给予拮抗剂后1小时和3小时，通过四选反应时间测试评估苏醒的完全程度。此外，使用五点量表对镇静水平进行分级。心理运动测试表明，给予拮抗剂60分钟后，对照组和多沙普仑组的反应时间均显著增加（P<0.05），但接受氟马西尼的组未出现这种情况。然而，在180分钟时，所有组的反应时间均恢复至基线值。相比之下，在整个研究期间，生理盐水组和氟马西尼组的镇静评分存在显著差异（P<0.05）。尽管咪达唑仑剂量相对较高，但在咪达唑仑给药后的4小时内，任何组均未出现再镇静的迹象。
