Ben Jebara K, Shimshony A
Animal Health Information Department, World organisation for animal health (OIE: Office International des Epizooties), 12 rue de Prony, 75017 Paris, France.
Vet Ital. 2006 Oct-Dec;42(4):431-41.
The need for quality and timely animal disease information, including data on zoonoses, has become more crucial than ever, not only for animal health stakeholders but also for the general public worldwide. Since its creation in 1924, the World organisation for animal health (OIE: Office International des EEpizooties) has played an active role in sharing disease information among countries and in the prevention and control of animal and zoonotic disease spread. Recently, the OIE established a single list of animal diseases with new criteria for inclusion in this list. The overriding criterion for a disease to be listed is its potential for international spread. Other criteria include its zoonotic potential or its capacity for significant spread within naive populations. Special attention is paid to the detection and listing of emerging infectious animal diseases. Member countries are obliged to submit immediate notifications and follow-up reports if infections of the listed diseases or exceptional epidemiological events occur within their country. Early warning of emerging and re-emerging animal diseases is essential for prompt precautionary measures to be taken, at national and international levels, to protect both animal and human health. At times, a proactive approach is required to ensure greater transparency. For the past few years the OIE has been examining different sources of unofficial information on disease outbreaks. These are analysed and if necessary, verified. One of the external sources of information used by the OIE to improve transparency is ProMED-mail, an internet-based reporting system that derives its data from a comprehensive range of official and unofficial sources, the media and on-site observers. Free of political constraint and staffed by professionals to ensure credibility, it is able to post very rapid preliminary and unofficial reports and summaries.
无论是对于动物卫生领域的利益相关者还是全球公众而言，获取高质量且及时的动物疾病信息（包括人畜共患病数据）都变得比以往任何时候都更为关键。自1924年成立以来，世界动物卫生组织（OIE：国际兽疫局）在各国间共享疾病信息以及预防和控制动物及人畜共患病传播方面发挥了积极作用。最近，OIE制定了一份动物疾病单一清单，并为此清单设立了新的纳入标准。一种疾病被列入清单的首要标准是其国际传播的可能性。其他标准包括其人畜共患病潜力或在易感群体中的显著传播能力。特别关注新兴传染性动物疾病的检测和列入。如果在其境内发生清单所列疾病的感染或特殊流行病学事件，成员国必须立即提交通报和后续报告。对新兴和再度出现的动物疾病进行早期预警对于在国家和国际层面迅速采取预防措施以保护动物和人类健康至关重要。有时，需要采取积极主动的方法以确保更高的透明度。在过去几年里，OIE一直在研究关于疾病暴发的不同非官方信息来源。这些信息会进行分析，必要时还会加以核实。OIE用于提高透明度的外部信息来源之一是ProMED-mail，这是一个基于互联网的报告系统，其数据来自广泛的官方和非官方来源、媒体及现场观察员。它不受政治约束且由专业人员组成，以确保可信度，能够发布非常迅速的初步和非官方报告及摘要。
