Brodell Lindsey Ann, Mercurio Mary Gail
Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, New York, USA.
Gend Med. 2010 Apr;7(2):79-87. doi: 10.1016/j.genm.2010.04.002.
Hirsutism is defined as excess hair growth in androgen-dependent areas of the body in women.
This article provides an updated review of hirsutism, focusing on the etiologies, clinical features, approach to diagnostic evaluation, and treatment options.
The PubMed database was searched for English-language articles published from 1981 to the present, using the terms hirsutism, polycystic ovarian syndrome, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hirsutism diagnosis, and hirsutism treatment. Reference lists from review articles on hirsutism during this time period were also examined.
While there are many causes of hirsutism, the majority of patients have a benign process that may be idiopathic. In some circumstances, hirsutism is a sign of functional ovarian hyperandrogenism or congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Even more rarely, it is the presenting sign of an internal malignancy.
Hirsutism clinically presents in women as excessive hair growth in androgen-dependent areas. It is a particularly important diagnosis to make, because it often significantly affects a woman's perception of her femininity and less commonly can be a sign of an underlying malignancy or a cutaneous manifestation of a condition with significant cardiovascular or other morbidity. A variety of treatments exist to help minimize the appearance of unwanted hair.
多毛症的定义为女性身体雄激素依赖区域毛发过度生长。
本文对多毛症进行了最新综述，重点关注病因、临床特征、诊断评估方法及治疗选择。
在PubMed数据库中检索1981年至今发表的英文文章，检索词为多毛症、多囊卵巢综合征、先天性肾上腺皮质增生症、多毛症诊断及多毛症治疗。同时也查阅了这一时期关于多毛症的综述文章的参考文献列表。
虽然多毛症有多种病因，但大多数患者病情为良性，可能是特发性的。在某些情况下，多毛症是功能性卵巢雄激素过多症或先天性肾上腺皮质增生症的体征。甚至更罕见的是，它是内部恶性肿瘤的首发体征。
多毛症在临床上表现为女性雄激素依赖区域毛发过度生长。这是一个特别重要的诊断，因为它常常显著影响女性对自身女性气质的认知，而且较少情况下可能是潜在恶性肿瘤的体征或一种伴有严重心血管疾病或其他发病率的疾病的皮肤表现。有多种治疗方法可帮助减少多余毛发的外观。
