Torres Dilênia De Oliveira Cipriano, Dos Santos Ana Célia Oliveira, Silva Amanda Karolina Soares E, Leite Jacqueline Isaura Alvarez, De Souza José Roberto Botelho, Beltrão Eduardo Isidoro Carneiro, Peixoto Christina Alves
Laboratório de Análises Clínicas, HUOC/PROCAPE, Recife, Brazil.
Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol. 2010 Apr;89(2):164-70. doi: 10.1002/bdrb.20240.
Omega-6 fatty acids are important to fetal development. However, during gestation/lactation, these fatty acids may contribute toward the development of fat tissue. Omega-9 fatty acids are associated with a reduction in serum lipids and protection from liver disease.
The present study investigated the effect of the maternal intake of omega-6 and omega-9 in hypercholesterolemic mothers on the liver of the offspring.
LDL receptor-deficient mice were fed a diet rich in either omega-6 (E6D) or omega-9 (E9D) for 45 days prior to mating and until the birth of the offspring, evaluating the effect on the offspring liver in comparison to a standard diet (STD).
Mothers fed with the E6D experienced an increase in total cholesterol (TC) and the offspring exhibited an increase in TC, hepatic triglycerides (TG), and CC-chemokine ligand (CCL)2/monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 as well as a reduction in HDL. Histological analysis on this group revealed steatosis, leukocyte infiltrate, and increased CCL2/MCP-1 expression. The ultrastructural analysis revealed hepatocytes with lipid droplets and myofibroblasts. The offspring of mothers fed the standard diet exhibited low serum TC, but microvesicular steatosis was observed. The offspring of mothers fed the E9D exhibited lower serum and hepatic TG as well as higher LDL in comparison to the other diets. The histological analyses revealed lower steatosis and leukocyte infiltrate.
The findings suggest that hypercholesterolemic mothers with a diet rich in omega-6 fatty acids predispose their offspring to steatohepatitis, whereas a diet rich in omega-9 has a protective effect.
ω-6脂肪酸对胎儿发育很重要。然而，在妊娠/哺乳期，这些脂肪酸可能有助于脂肪组织的发育。ω-9脂肪酸与血清脂质降低和预防肝病有关。
本研究调查了高胆固醇血症母亲摄入ω-6和ω-9脂肪酸对其后代肝脏的影响。
在交配前45天直至后代出生，给低密度脂蛋白受体缺陷小鼠喂食富含ω-6（E6D）或ω-9（E9D）的饮食，并与标准饮食（STD）比较，评估对后代肝脏的影响。
喂食E6D的母亲总胆固醇（TC）升高，其后代的TC、肝甘油三酯（TG）和CC趋化因子配体（CCL）2/单核细胞趋化蛋白（MCP）-1升高，高密度脂蛋白（HDL）降低。对该组的组织学分析显示有脂肪变性、白细胞浸润和CCL2/MCP-1表达增加。超微结构分析显示肝细胞有脂滴和成肌纤维细胞。喂食标准饮食的母亲的后代血清TC较低，但观察到微泡性脂肪变性。与其他饮食相比，喂食E9D的母亲的后代血清和肝脏TG较低，低密度脂蛋白较高。组织学分析显示脂肪变性和白细胞浸润较少。
研究结果表明，饮食富含ω-6脂肪酸的高胆固醇血症母亲会使其后代易患脂肪性肝炎，而富含ω-9脂肪酸的饮食则具有保护作用。
