Shallice T, Burgess P W
National Hospital, Queen Square, London.
Brain. 1991 Apr;114 ( Pt 2):727-41. doi: 10.1093/brain/114.2.727.
A quantitative investigation of the ability to carry out a variety of cognitive tasks was performed in 3 patients who had sustained traumatic injuries which involved prefrontal structures. All 3 had severe difficulties in 2 tests which required them to carry out a number of fairly simple but open-ended tasks over a 15-30 min period. They typically spent too long on individual tasks. All patients scored well on tests of perception, language and intelligence and 2 performed well on a variety of other tests of frontal lobe function. Explanations for their difficulty on the multiple subgoal tasks in terms of memory or motivational problems could be excluded. It is argued that the problem arose from an inability to reactivate after a delay previously-generated intentions when they are not directly signalled by the stimulus situation.
对3名因创伤性损伤累及前额叶结构的患者进行了一项关于执行各种认知任务能力的定量研究。所有3名患者在两项测试中都遇到了严重困难，这两项测试要求他们在15至30分钟内完成一些相当简单但开放式的任务。他们通常在单个任务上花费的时间过长。所有患者在感知、语言和智力测试中得分良好，其中2名患者在各种其他额叶功能测试中表现良好。可以排除用记忆或动机问题来解释他们在多个子目标任务上遇到困难的原因。有人认为，问题源于当先前产生的意图没有被刺激情境直接提示时，无法在延迟后重新激活这些意图。
