Atladóttir Hjördís Osk, Thorsen Poul, Schendel Diana E, Østergaard Lars, Lemcke Saane, Parner Erik T
Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health, University of Arhus, Bartholin Allé 2, Arhus C, Denmark.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2010 May;164(5):470-7. doi: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.9.
To investigate the association between hospitalization for infection in the perinatal/neonatal period or childhood and the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs).
A population-based cohort study.
Denmark.
All children born in Denmark from January 1, 1980, through December 31, 2002, comprising a total of 1 418 152 children.
Infection requiring hospitalization.
The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for ASDs among children hospitalized for infection compared with other children.
A total of 7379 children were diagnosed as having ASDs. Children admitted to the hospital for any infectious disease displayed an increased rate of ASD diagnoses (HR, 1.38 [95% confidence interval, 1.31-1.45]). This association was found to be similar for infectious diseases of bacterial and viral origin. Furthermore, children admitted to the hospital for noninfectious disease also displayed an increased rate of ASD diagnoses (HR, 1.76 [95% confidence interval, 1.68-1.86]), and admissions for infection increased the rate of mental retardation (2.18 [2.06-2.31]).
The association between hospitalization for infection and ASDs observed in this study does not suggest causality because a general association is observed across different infection groups. Also, the association is not specific for infection or for ASDs. We discuss a number of noncausal explanatory models.
探讨围产期/新生儿期或儿童期因感染住院与自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）诊断之间的关联。
基于人群的队列研究。
丹麦。
1980年1月1日至2002年12月31日在丹麦出生的所有儿童，共计1418152名儿童。
需要住院治疗的感染。
因感染住院的儿童与其他儿童相比，患ASD的校正风险比（HR）。
共有7379名儿童被诊断为患有ASD。因任何传染病住院的儿童ASD诊断率升高（HR，1.38[95%置信区间，1.31 - 1.45]）。发现细菌和病毒源性传染病的这种关联相似。此外，因非传染病住院的儿童ASD诊断率也升高（HR，1.76[95%置信区间，1.68 - 1.86]），因感染住院会增加智力发育迟缓的发生率（2.18[2.06 - 2.31]）。
本研究中观察到的因感染住院与ASD之间的关联并不表明存在因果关系，因为在不同感染组中观察到了普遍关联。而且，这种关联并非感染或ASD所特有的。我们讨论了一些非因果性的解释模型。
