Leung A K, Robson W L
Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1991 May;30(5):314-7. doi: 10.1177/000992289103000510.
Rivalry occurs between most, if not all, siblings to a varying degree. Rivalry may be manifested as a verbal or physical attack, frustration, persistent demands for attention, or as regressive phenomena. When handled properly, healthy competition among siblings will lead to the acquisition of social, interpersonal and cognitive skills that are important to the development of the child. Mismanagement of the competition may lead to psychological problems later in life. The appropriate spacing of children and the preparation of existing children for a new sibling help to reduce sibling rivalry. Family situations that will potentially lead to jealousy should be avoided. Parents should not make comparisons between siblings and favoritism should be avoided. When episodes of sibling rivalry develop, the cause rather than the manifestation of the rivalry should be treated. Patience, love, understanding, common sense, and humor are important parental skills necessary to minimize sibling rivalry.
大多数（即便不是所有）兄弟姐妹之间都会在不同程度上存在竞争关系。竞争可能表现为言语或身体上的攻击、沮丧、持续寻求关注，或者表现为退行现象。如果处理得当，兄弟姐妹间的健康竞争将有助于孩子获得对其成长很重要的社交、人际和认知技能。竞争管理不当可能会在日后导致心理问题。孩子之间适当的年龄间隔以及让已有孩子为新弟妹的到来做好准备，有助于减少手足竞争。应避免可能导致嫉妒的家庭状况。父母不应在兄弟姐妹之间进行比较，应避免偏袒。当出现手足竞争的情况时，应处理竞争的根源而非其表现形式。耐心、爱、理解、常识和幽默感是将手足竞争降至最低限度所需的重要育儿技能。
