中国中学生心理健康状况：独生子女人数与多子女家庭比较研究的荟萃分析
Mental health status of secondary school students: a meta-analysis of comparative studies between one-child and multi-child families in China.
作者信息
Zhang Wei, Chen Pan, Rao Shu-Ying, Jiang Yuan-Yuan, Su Zhaohui, Cheung Teris, Ng Chee H, Xiang Yu-Tao, Wang Gang
机构信息
Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China.
Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China.
出版信息
Front Psychiatry. 2025 Aug 7;16:1594968. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1594968. eCollection 2025.
INTRODUCTION
Mental health problems are common among secondary school students. However, when comparing one-child and multi-child families, the findings on the mental health of students are mixed. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to compare the mental health status between secondary school students from one-child and multi-child families in China.
METHODS
Relevant studies using standard instruments on mental health (e.g., the Middle School Student Mental Health Scale; MSSMHS and the Mental Health Test; MHT) were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang. A random-effects model was employed to compute the pooled effect size. Subgroup analyses for categorical variables and meta-regression analyses for continuous variables were carried out to examine the potential moderators of group differences.
RESULTS
We identified 39 studies, which included 11,889 secondary school students from one-child families and 13,795 from multi-child families. No significant difference in mental health was found between students from one-child and multi-child families. However, significant group differences were observed in certain MHT domains, including Learning Anxiety [95% confidence interval (CI): -0.19; 0.00, I² = 0.0%, P = 0.04], Social Anxiety (95% CI:-0.25; 0.00, I² = 45.8%, P = 0.04), Tendency Towards Self-Blame (95% CI: -0.23; -0.07, I² = 0.0%, P < 0.01) and Allergic Tendencies (95% CI: -0.25; -0.01, I² =43.5%, P = 0.04).
DISCUSSION
This meta-analysis did not show significant differences in the mental health between students from one-child and multi-child families. Future research should investigate the influence of socio-demographic factors, such as gender and place of residence, on the mental health of this population.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://inplasy.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/INPLASY-Protocol-5996.pdf, identifier INPLASY202430053.
引言
心理健康问题在中学生中很常见。然而，在比较独生子女家庭和多子女家庭时，关于学生心理健康的研究结果并不一致。因此，我们进行了一项荟萃分析，以比较中国独生子女家庭和多子女家庭中学生的心理健康状况。
方法
在PubMed、科学网、PsycINFO、中国知网（CNKI）和万方数据库中检索使用标准心理健康量表（如中学生心理健康量表；MSSMHS和心理健康测试；MHT）的相关研究。采用随机效应模型计算合并效应量。对分类变量进行亚组分析，对连续变量进行元回归分析，以检验组间差异的潜在调节因素。
结果
我们纳入了39项研究，其中包括来自独生子女家庭的11889名中学生和来自多子女家庭的13795名中学生。独生子女家庭和多子女家庭的学生在心理健康方面没有显著差异。然而，在某些MHT领域观察到了显著的组间差异，包括学习焦虑[95%置信区间（CI）：-0. /19；0.00，I² = 0.0%，P = 0.04]、社交焦虑（95%CI：-0.25；0.00，I² = 45.8%，P = 0.04）、自责倾向（95%CI：-0.23；-0.07，I² = 0.0%，P < 0.01）和过敏倾向（95%CI：-0.25；-0.01，I² = 43.5%，P = 0.04）。
讨论
这项荟萃分析没有显示独生子女家庭和多子女家庭的学生在心理健康方面存在显著差异。未来的研究应该调查社会人口学因素，如性别和居住地，对这一人群心理健康的影响。
系统评价注册
https://inplasy.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/INPLASY-Protocol-5996.pdf，标识符INPLASY202430053 。
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