Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Antioxid Redox Signal. 2010 Oct 1;13(7):1125-32. doi: 10.1089/ars.2010.3205.
Dr. Joseph Loscalzo (M.D., 1978; Ph.D., 1977) is recognized here as a Redox Pioneer because he has published two articles in the field of antioxidant/redox biology that have been cited more than 1,000 times and 22 articles that have been cited more than 100 times. Dr. Loscalzo is known for his seminal contributions to our understanding of the vascular biology of nitric oxide. His initial discovery that the antiplatelet effects of organic nitrates are potentiated by thiols through a mechanism that involved metabolism to S-nitrosothiols was followed by the demonstration that S-nitrosothiols are formed endogenously through S-transnitrosation, stabilize nitric oxide, and facilitate the transport and transfer of nitric oxide between and within cells of the vessel wall. These properties led to the development of S-nitrosothiol-containing pharmacotherapies to treat disease states characterized by nitric oxide deficiency. Dr. Loscalzo's other scientific contributions include identifying the vascular functional consequences of genetic deficiencies of antioxidant enzymes that decrease nitric oxide bioavailability, collectively termed the "oxidative enzymopathies," and demonstrating the role of mitochondria in modulating the disulfide subproteome, and in redox signaling in hypoxia. He has received numerous awards and honors for his scientific contributions, including election to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences.
约瑟夫·洛卡佐博士（医学博士，1978 年；哲学博士，1977 年）在此被认为是氧化还原领域的先驱，因为他在抗氧化/氧化还原生物学领域发表了两篇被引用超过 1000 次的文章和 22 篇被引用超过 100 次的文章。洛卡佐博士因其对一氧化氮血管生物学的开创性贡献而闻名。他最初的发现是，有机硝酸盐的抗血小板作用通过涉及代谢为 S-亚硝基硫醇的机制被巯基增强，随后证明 S-亚硝基硫醇通过 S-转亚硝基化内源性形成，稳定一氧化氮，并促进一氧化氮在血管壁细胞之间和内部的运输和转移。这些特性导致了含有 S-亚硝基硫醇的药物治疗的发展，以治疗一氧化氮缺乏的疾病状态。洛卡佐博士的其他科学贡献包括确定抗氧化酶基因缺陷对一氧化氮生物利用度的血管功能后果，统称为“氧化酶病”，并证明线粒体在调节二硫键亚蛋白组和低氧状态下的氧化还原信号中的作用。他因其科学贡献获得了众多奖项和荣誉，包括入选美国国家科学院医学研究所。
