杀人凶手和受害者的毒理学：综述。

The toxicology of homicide offenders and victims: A review.

机构信息

National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

出版信息

Drug Alcohol Rev. 2010 Mar;29(2):202-15. doi: 10.1111/j.1465-3362.2009.00099.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.1465-3362.2009.00099.x

PMID:20447230

Abstract

ISSUES

The toxicology of homicide offenders and victims, and homicide as a cause of death among psychoactive substance users.

APPROACH

Review of the toxicology of homicide, and homicide as a cause of death among psychoactive substance users.

KEY FINDINGS

A half or more of offenders are intoxicated by a psychoactive substance at the time of the homicide, with alcohol the most commonly reported substance. Levels of substances among victims are comparable with those seen among perpetrators. Among both offenders and victims, levels of substances far exceed population use. Among substance users, homicide specific mortality rates of substance users far exceed population rates. Reducing rates of alcohol and other drug consumption, at national and individual levels, can be expected to substantially reduce rates of, and risk for, homicide.

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS

Psychoactive substances are strongly associated with homicide. One of the major societal benefits that can be derived from active attempts to reduce alcohol and other drug use are reductions in homicide rates.

摘要

问题

凶杀案罪犯和受害者的毒理学，以及精神活性物质使用者的凶杀作为死因。

方法

审查凶杀案的毒理学，以及精神活性物质使用者的凶杀作为死因。

主要发现

一半或更多的罪犯在凶杀案发生时因精神活性物质中毒，其中酒精是最常报告的物质。受害者体内物质的水平与施害者体内物质的水平相当。在罪犯和受害者中，物质的水平远远超过了人群的使用水平。在物质使用者中，物质使用者的凶杀特定死亡率远远超过了人口死亡率。在国家和个人层面减少酒精和其他药物的消费，可以预期会大大降低凶杀率和凶杀风险。