Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimoadachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
Phytochemistry. 2010 Jul;71(10):1068-75. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.04.006. Epub 2010 May 4.
Geraniol and linalool synthases were isolated from three pure strains of Perilla hirtella and Perilla setoyensis, which are wild species of perilla. Their amino acid sequences were very similar to those of Perilla citriodora and Perilla frutescens that were reported previously. However, comparison of the sequences of the same functional synthases derived from different species of Perilla demonstrated that the similarities were high among P. citriodora, P. hirtella and P. frutescens, but low between P. setoyensis and any of the others. This result corresponds well with our previous results showing that P. setoyensis is remotely related to the other perilla species. Both geraniol and linalool synthases utilize geranyl diphosphate (GDP) as their catalytic substrate and they were expressed simultaneously in perilla. The linalool synthase is considered to be the enzyme whose metabolite seems not to be oxidized nor reduced in the plant body and the geraniol and limonene synthases are the initial-step-catalyzing enzymes for a variety of oil compounds. The regulation of the substrate flow between them would be interesting for further study.
香叶醇合酶和芳樟醇合酶从三种野生紫苏属植物（皱叶紫苏和野紫苏）的纯培养菌株中被分离出来。它们的氨基酸序列与之前报道的柠檬烯紫苏和罗勒紫苏的非常相似。然而，对来源于不同紫苏属物种的相同功能合酶序列的比较表明，柠檬烯紫苏、皱叶紫苏和罗勒紫苏之间的相似性很高，但野紫苏与其他任何物种之间的相似性都很低。这一结果与我们之前的研究结果非常吻合，即野紫苏与其他紫苏属物种的亲缘关系较远。两种香叶醇合酶都利用香叶基二磷酸（GDP）作为其催化底物，并且在紫苏中同时表达。芳樟醇合酶被认为是其代谢产物在植物体内既不被氧化也不被还原的酶，而香叶醇合酶和柠檬烯合酶是各种油类化合物的起始步骤催化酶。它们之间的底物流动的调节将是进一步研究的有趣方向。
