Mental Health Department, Bassetlaw Hospital, Kilton Hill, Worksop, Nottinghamshire S81 0BD, UK.
J Med Ethics. 2010 May;36(5):271-4. doi: 10.1136/jme.2009.033720.
Ethical viewpoints for and against the use of supervised community treatment (SCT), also known as outpatient commitment and community treatment orders, are examined. The perspectives of writers on civil liberties are considered. This paper argues that while civil liberties are an important concern SCT is ethically justifiable in the circumscribed population of 'revolving door' patients it applies to. This is on the grounds that it enables individuals to actualise their positive liberty. The issue of insight into mental illness is also considered and it is concluded that a further argument in favour of SCT comes from evidence that insight relates to neurobiological deficits. Limits to the ethical justifiability of SCT are considered with reference to individuals with substance dependency. The paper concludes that SCT is ethically permissible only in those with severe mental illness who have a history of losing capacity to consent to treatment and/or admission.
本文探讨了赞成和反对使用监督社区治疗(SCT)的伦理观点,SCT 也被称为门诊承诺和社区治疗令。本文考虑了民权作家的观点。本文认为,虽然公民自由是一个重要的关注点,但 SCT 在它所适用的“旋转门”患者这一特定人群中是符合伦理的。其理由是,它使个人能够实现积极的自由。本文还考虑了对精神疾病的洞察力问题,并得出结论,认为支持 SCT 的另一个论据来自于这样的证据,即洞察力与神经生物学缺陷有关。本文还参考了有物质依赖的个体,考虑了 SCT 在伦理上的合理性限制。本文得出结论,SCT 只有在那些有严重精神疾病、有丧失同意治疗和/或入院能力的历史的个体中才是允许的。