Izdebska Joanna N, Cydzik Krystian
Department of Invertebrate Zoology, University of Gdańsk, Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
Wiad Parazytol. 2010;56(1):59-61.
The hair follicle mites (Acari, Demodecidae) are obligatory and specific parasites of mammals, important in human and veterinary medicine. The family is represented by more than 100 species worldwide and 30 in Poland, therein 11 species (and 3 subspecies) were discovered from 10 species of native rodents. Fifty two striped field mice Apodemus agrarius from eastern Pomerania (Poland) were examined in 2006-2007; the presence of mites was confirmed by the standard method of digesting skin fragments (from head, belly, groin, limbs, genital-anal region, neck and back). Two demodectic mites were found: Demodex agrarii and D. arvicolae--specifically the form D. a. apodemi, previously recorded in the wood mouse (Apodemus silvaticus). Demodex spp. were noted in 53.8% of the examined mice; D. arvicolae was the dominant species (prevalence 48.1%, mean intensity 12.5), whereas D. agrarii was found in only a few hosts (prevalence 13.5%, mean intensity 7.6); these mites were more frequently found in males. D. a. apodemi were found mainly in skin of head and very few in skin of genital-anal region. D. agrarii lives in the ducts of the auricular sebaceous gland, in which all its developmental stages have been found; it is precisely the specific habitat of D. agrarii that determines its large size and its strongly elongated shape.
毛囊螨（蜱螨亚纲，蠕形螨科）是哺乳动物的专性寄生虫，在人类医学和兽医学中具有重要意义。该科在全球有100多个物种，在波兰有30个物种，其中从10种本地啮齿动物中发现了11个物种（及3个亚种）。2006年至2007年对来自波兰波美拉尼亚东部的52只条纹田鼠（黑线姬鼠）进行了检查；通过消化皮肤碎片（来自头部、腹部、腹股沟、四肢、生殖器 - 肛门区域、颈部和背部）的标准方法确认了螨虫的存在。发现了两种蠕形螨：黑线姬鼠蠕形螨和棕背田鼠蠕形螨——特别是黑线姬鼠蠕形螨的apodemi形态，此前在林姬鼠（小林姬鼠）中有所记录。在所检查的小鼠中，53.8%发现有蠕形螨属；棕背田鼠蠕形螨是优势种（感染率48.1%，平均感染强度12.5），而黑线姬鼠蠕形螨仅在少数宿主中发现（感染率13.5%，平均感染强度7.6）；这些螨虫在雄性中更常见。黑线姬鼠蠕形螨apodemi形态主要见于头部皮肤，在生殖器 - 肛门区域皮肤中很少见。黑线姬鼠蠕形螨生活在耳皮脂腺导管中，在其中发现了其所有发育阶段；正是黑线姬鼠蠕形螨的这种特定栖息地决定了它的大尺寸和强烈拉长的形状。
