Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84990 Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel.
Ecol Lett. 2010 Mar;13(3):302-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01447.x.
Predator-prey interactions are often behaviourally sophisticated games in which the predator and prey are players. Past studies teach us that hungrier prey take higher risks when foraging and that hungrier predators increase their foraging activity and are willing to take higher risks of injury. Yet no study has looked at the simultaneous responses of predator and prey to their own and each other's hunger levels in a controlled environment. We looked for evidence of a state-dependent game between predators and their prey by simultaneously manipulating the hunger state of barn owls, and Allenby's gerbils as prey. The owls significantly increased their activity when hungry. However, they did not appear to respond to changes in the hunger state of the gerbils. The gerbils reacted strongly to the owls' state, as well as to their own state when the risk was perceived as high. Our study shows that predator-prey interactions give rise to a complex state-dependent game.
捕食者-猎物相互作用通常是行为复杂的博弈，其中捕食者和猎物都是参与者。过去的研究告诉我们，觅食时饥饿的猎物会承担更高的风险，而饥饿的捕食者会增加觅食活动，并愿意承担更高的受伤风险。然而，没有研究在受控环境中同时观察捕食者和猎物对自身和彼此饥饿水平的反应。我们通过同时操纵 barn 猫头鹰和 Allenby 沙鼠的饥饿状态，寻找捕食者和猎物之间状态依赖博弈的证据。当饥饿时，猫头鹰的活动显著增加。然而，它们似乎并没有对沙鼠饥饿状态的变化做出反应。沙鼠对猫头鹰的状态以及当风险被认为很高时对自身状态的反应非常强烈。我们的研究表明，捕食者-猎物相互作用产生了一种复杂的状态依赖博弈。
