Department of Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
J Evol Biol. 2010 Jun 1;23(6):1278-85. doi: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.01990.x. Epub 2010 Apr 23.
Separating genetic and environmental causes of the latitudinal differences among populations is crucial when evaluating the potential for microevolutionary responses to the changing environment. We studied among-population and environmental components of variation in several life-history traits of a lichen-feeding moth Eilema depressum when offspring of replicate Swiss and Finnish females were reared in a common-garden factorial experiment. A partial second generation was produced only among Swiss larvae, more likely so at higher temperature regime and higher host quality, and more frequently among the offspring of particular females. Growth rates of larvae that chose the diapause development were higher in northern individuals. Our results thus reveal adaptive differences between latitudinal populations in studied life-history traits, allowing to expect rapid adaptation of the species to further environmental changes. In contrast, invariable responses of the growth rates of the larvae to temperature and host quality support the idea that some basic parameters of insect growth show a high degree of evolutionary conservatism.
当评估微进化对环境变化的潜在反应时，分离种群间遗传和环境因素的差异至关重要。我们在一个共同的园林析因实验中研究了食苔藓飞蛾 Eilema depressum 的几个生活史特征的种群间和环境变化成分，这些飞蛾的后代来自瑞士和芬兰的重复雌性。仅在瑞士幼虫中产生部分第二代，在较高的温度和较高的宿主质量下更有可能产生，并且在特定雌性的后代中更频繁地产生。选择休眠发育的幼虫的生长速度在北方个体中较高。因此，我们的结果揭示了研究的生活史特征中纬度种群之间的适应性差异，这使得我们可以期望该物种能够快速适应进一步的环境变化。相比之下，幼虫的生长速度对温度和宿主质量的不变响应支持了这样一个观点，即昆虫生长的某些基本参数表现出高度的进化保守性。
